Thoracic Pulmonology

Question 1

What are the lobes of the left lung?

Answer 1

superior

inferior

Question 2

What are the lobes of the right lung?

Answer 2

superior

middle inferior

Question 3

What are the surfaces of the lungs?

Answer 3

costal surface

mediastinal surface

diaphragmatic surface

Question 4

What makes up the hilum?

Answer 4

Pulmonary A

Pulmonary V

Main bronchi

Pulmonary Ligament

Question 5

what does the pulmonary ligament do?

Answer 5

pleura hangs from root of lung

Question 6

What grooves/ impressions are on the right lung?

Answer 6

1st rib

cardiac impression

groove of esophagus

svc

ivc

azygous v

brachiocephalic v

Question 7

What grooves/ impressions are on the left lung?

Answer 7

cardiac impression

aortic arch

descneding aorta

1st rib

subclavian a

Question 8

what are the three borders of the lungs?

Answer 8

anterior

inferior

posterior

Question 9

the anterior border of the left lung has what landmarks?

Answer 9

cardiac notch

lingula

Question 10

inferior border of the lungs projects were?

Answer 10

costodiaphragmatic recess

costomediastinal recess

Question 11

where does lung cancer derive from?

Answer 11

lung tissue or the bronchi

Question 12

what nerves can lung cancer involve?

Answer 12

phrenic n

vagus n

recurrent laryngeal n

Question 13

how do you treat lung cancer?

Answer 13

remove lung

remove lobe of lung

remove bronchopulmonary segment of lung

Question 14

what are the two types of pleura, where do they attach?

Answer 14

parietal pleura: attach to thoracic cavity

visceral pleura: adheres to lungs

Question 15

what types of parietal pleura are there?

Answer 15

costal

mediastinal

diaphragmatic

cervical

Question 16

what is pleuritis, what does it do?

Answer 16

inflammation of pleura, roughness on lungs, difficult to breathe

Question 17

what is the pleural cavity?

Answer 17

space between two layers of pleura

filled with serous fluid, reduces friction, makes cohesion

Question 18

what causes pulmonary collapse?

Answer 18

air enters pleural cavity, causes lung to collapse, wound to thoracic wall

Question 19

what is a pnemothorax?

Answer 19

air enters pleural cavity, causes lungs to collapse

Question 20

what is a hydrothorax?

Answer 20

fluid in pleural cavity, caused by effusion

Question 21

what is a hemothorax?

Answer 21

accumulation of blood in pleural cavity, usually due to chest wound

laceration to intercostal vessel or internal thoracic vessel

Question 22

name the lines of pleural reflection?

Answer 22

sternal line

costal line

vertebral line

Question 23

what happens at sternal line of pleural reflection?

Answer 23

costal pleura becomes medistinal pleura anteriorly

Question 24

what happens at costal line of pleural reflection?

Answer 24

costal pleura becomes diaphragmatic pleura

Question 25

what happens at vertebral line of pleural reflection?

Answer 25

costal pleura becomes medistinal pleura posteriorly

Question 26

where is the trachea located, where does it extend from?

Answer 26

in posterior medistinum extends from larynx to branch point of bronchi

Question 27

what does the right main bronchus branch into?

Answer 27

Right superior lobar bronchus Right Middle lobar bronchus Right inferior lobar bronchus

Question 28

how i the right bronchus different from left?

Answer 28

wider, shorter, more vertical than left

Question 29

what are main bronchi divided into?

Answer 29

Segmental bronchi Conducting bronchiole terminal bronchiole respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct

Question 30

what are the divisions of the left main bronchi?

Answer 30

left superior lobar bronchus left inferior lobar bronchus

Question 31

what is bronchial asthma?

Answer 31

narrowing of airways by contraction of smooth muscles, edema of mucosa

Question 32

what is a bronchoscopy?

Answer 32

bronchoscope is inserted into trachea to visualize main bronchi

Question 33

what are bronchopulmonary segments?

Answer 33

apex at hilum base at pulmonary surface seperated by septa supplied by single segmental bronchus

Question 34

What segments are in right lung superior lobe?

Answer 34

Apical Posterior Anterior

Question 35

What segments are in right lung middle lobe?

Answer 35

Lateral medial

Question 36

What segments are in right lung inferior lobe?

Answer 36

superior anterior basal medial basal lateral basal posterior basal

Question 37

What segments are in left lung inferior lobe?

Answer 37

superior anterior basal (anteromedal basal) medial basal (Anteromedial basal) lateral basal posterior basal

Question 38

What segments are in left lung superior lobe?

Answer 38

Apical Posterior (apicoposterior) anterior Superior (lingual) Inferior (lingual)