Thursday Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is hyperkalemia?
Abnormally high potassium
ECG shows tall tented T waves, broad QRS, flattened/disappeared P waves at high levels.
What ECG findings are associated with hypokalemia?
Flattened T waves, presence of U wave, slightly prolonged PR interval
Hypokalemia refers to abnormally low potassium levels.
How does hypercalcemia affect the QT interval?
Shortens QT interval
Calcium is key for cell contraction.
What effect does hypocalcemia have on the QT interval?
Prolongs QT interval
What is dextrocardia?
Congenital condition with heart located on right chest side
ECG shows positive aVR, negative Lead I, abnormal R wave progression.
What is the body temperature threshold for hypothermia?
Less than 30°C
ECG shows sinus bradycardia, Osborne waves, and muscle tremor artifacts.
What does electrical alternans indicate?
Pericardial effusion or tamponade
ECG shows alternating QRS amplitude due to pendulum heart motion.
What are common ECG findings in pulmonary embolism?
Sinus tachycardia, atrial arrhythmias, right axis deviation, RBBB, symmetrical T wave inversion in V1–V3
Blockage occurs in lung artery.
What ECG changes are associated with raised intracranial pressure?
Giant T wave inversion, QT prolongation, bradycardia
Raised ICP can be due to stroke or injury.
What is digoxin used for?
AF, Aflutter, heart failure
Toxicity:
ECG shows scooped ST segments and life-threatening arrhythmias possible.
What defines hypercalcemia?
Abnormally high blood calcium
It can shorten the QT interval on ECG.
What defines hypocalcemia?
Abnormally low blood calcium
It prolongs the QT interval on ECG.
What are Osborne waves?
Distinct ECG deflection seen in hypothermia
They indicate underlying hypothermic conditions.
What is dextrocardia?
Congenital condition with heart located on right chest side
ECG shows positive aVR, negative Lead I, abnormal R wave progression.
What are Osborne waves?
Distinct ECG deflection seen in hypothermia
Associated with body temperature <30°C.
Which ECG findings may indicate pulmonary embolism?
Sinus tachycardia, atrial arrhythmias, right axis deviation, RBBB, symmetrical T wave inversion in V1–V3
Pulmonary embolism refers to a blockage in the lung artery.
What ECG changes are observed with raised intracranial pressure?
Giant T wave inversion, QT prolongation, bradycardia
Often due to stroke or head injury.
What is the ECG finding in digoxin toxicity?
Scooped ST segments, life-threatening arrhythmias possible
Digoxin is used for AF, Aflutter, and heart failure.
What are the key terms related to electrolyte imbalances?
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
