Thyroid Gland- Anatomy Flashcards
(12 cards)
THYROID GLAND 🤠
- Thyroid gland is situated in which triangle of the neck?
- The isthmus over lies which tracheal rings?
- What are the coverings of the glad?
- Its blood supply is secondary to?
- Physiological enlargement in?
1) Anterior
2) 2-4 tracheal rings
3) Pre tracheal fascia to the oblique line and cricoid
4) Carotid sinus
5) Pregnancy and Puberty
Relations?👩🏽🍳
- Anterolateral(5)
- Medial (6)
- Posterolateral(1)
- Inferior (1)
1) Strap musc,Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia,Platysma,Ant jug veins,Skin
2) Larynx ,Pharynx, Oeso ,Trache, recur lar nerve, Ext lar nerve
3) Carotid sheath and its contents
4) Parathyroids😎
Development of the thyroid gland? 🙄
Thyroglossal duct – Extends from the foramen caecum to isthmus
in the midline Remnants of the T G duct
- Thyroglossal cyst
- Accessory thyroid glands
Capsules?🤨
Difference in the capsule from the prostate?
True and False
Blood supply?(4)🤗
- Branch of?
- Accompanied by?
- How it supplies the gland?
Superior thyroid from external carotid
Enters and divides on the gland
Accompanies External laryngeal nerve to some extent
Inferior thyroid from Thyro cervical trunk Divides and enters the gland Recurrent laryngeal nerve related to it
Accessory thyroid arteries
From the thyroid bed – Tracheal and Oesophageal
Thyroidea Ima – Very rare
Venous drainage. (4)🧐
- Where the plexus is situated?
- Where each vein drains?
Venous plexus internal to the true capsule – from the plexus….
Superior thyroid vein – into internal jugular
Middle thyroid vein – into internal jugular
Inferior thyroid veins – into left brachiocephalic Veim
Nerves related ?😝
-If damaged?
Recurrent laryngeal Many variations
Injury – Hoarseness of voice Respiratory difficulty
Paradox???
Abductors are more vulnerable to damage and
late to recover than adductors Non recurrent laryngeal
External laryngeal nerve
Tensor of the vocal cord
Injury – Cannot take a high pitch
Laryngoscopy – irregular cord
Internal laryngeal nerve Injury is unlikely
If injured – Loss of sensation Choking
Aspiration pneumonia
Pressure effects on,😖
Trachea? Oesophagus? Recurrent laryngeal nerve? Sympathetic trunk? Retrosternal extension?
Trachea – Dyspnoea, Cough, Stridor Oesophagus – unlikely to get compressed Recurrent nerve – in cancer Sympathetic trunk – Horner’s syndrome Retrosternal extension – Nocternal cough and dyspnoea Engorged neck veins
enlarged cervical lymph nodes-In cancer
PARATHYROID GLANDS🥜
- How many?
- Where?
- Size & Shape?
- What is more constant in position?
1) 4
2) Posterior aspect of the thyroid lobes
3) Peanut
4) Superior
Development of the PTG?🥜
3rd pharyngeal pouch-Thymus and Inferior
4th - Superior
Di George syndrome ????- 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouch syndrome
Blood supply of the PTG?🥜
Inferior thyroid arteries
Histology of the PTG🥜
Oxyphil cells:-Larger than clear cells &Less
numerous.
Small densely staining nuclei & strong eosinophilic cytoplasm.
Contain fine granules.
*Few cells at birth, increase after
puberty
Mainly found as clumps among chief cells.
