Thyroid radio

Question 1

Technetium-99m has an uptake mechanism similar to _______

Answer 1

Iodine

Question 2

What type of image do we get in scintigraphy ?

Answer 2

2D

Question 3

What are the techniques used in thyroid ?

Answer 3

US

Scintigraphy

CT/MRI - useful only in some px

Question 4

what do we assess with US on thyroid ?

Answer 4

Evaluation of the :

** number of lesions

** Sites

** Calcifications

Question 5

vascular evaluation of thyroid can be done with ?

Answer 5

color doppler

Question 6

What radioisotope is indicated for diagnosis of Grave’s disease ?

Answer 6

Tc 99m-Pertechnetate

Question 7

plummers diseases appears as

Answer 7

solitary hot nodule

Question 8

what is the distribution seen with Tc 99m pertechnetate with graves disease ?

Answer 8

Homogenous distribution

Question 9

what is the distribution seen with Tc 99m pertechnetate with multinodular goiter disease ?

Answer 9

Inhomogeneous distribution

Question 10

what is the distribution seen with Tc 99m pertechnetate with subacute thyroiditis ?

Answer 10

Markedly reduced uptake

Question 11

what tracer is used for scintigraphy ?

Answer 11

Iodine 131- gamma emitter, has diagnostic use

Question 12

I-131​ is selectively taken up by what cells ?

Answer 12

Thyroid follicular cells with the help of sodium-iodine symporters

Question 13

what type of emitter is Iodine-131 ?

Answer 13

both Beta and Gamma

Question 14

what is the main thing we check for with scintigraphy of the thyroid ?

Answer 14

How the nodules appear.

Question 15

What is the first line indication test for most patients with UNCERTAIN etiology of Thyrotoxicosis ?

Answer 15

Thyroid Scintigraphy

Question 16

why Iodine-131 is preferred for therapy ?

Answer 16

Longer half-life

Question 17

What Radiotherapy used for benign and malignant thyroid disease ?

Answer 17

Iodine 131

Question 18

What is the use of Doppler in thyroid nodule imaging ?

Answer 18

For vascularization (combined with US)

Question 19

what does increased vascularization means on doppler when checking thyroid nodule ?

Answer 19

Usually indicate malignancy

Question 20

1st level instrument for thyroid diagnosis ?

Answer 20

US

Question 21

what is the 2nd level study for the thyroid ?

Answer 21

Scintigraphy

Question 22

what is the procedure we perform in case we want to study one of the nodules we find ?

Answer 22

Fine needle aspiration, but it is not diagnostic for Pappilary K.

Question 23

what is the frequency of the thyroid US ?

Answer 23

linear high frequency 7.5 Mhz

Question 24

how will appear benign nodular lesion on color Doppler ?

Answer 24

Hyper-echogenic signal

Regular nodule margin

Question 25

how will appear Malignant nodular thyroid lesion on color Doppler ?

Answer 25

Hypo-echogenic signal Faded margins

Question 26

what other radionuclides can we use for Thyroid except Tc-99 ?

Answer 26

Tetro-fosmin Sestamibi

Question 27

what does thyroid scintigraphy allows us to highlight ?

Answer 27

1. hyper/hypo functioning of the nodule 2. Ectopic thyroid tissue 3. Metastasis

Question 28

hot nodule on thyroid scintigraphy is probably

Answer 28

benign

Question 29

Cold nodule on scintigraphy is probably

Answer 29

Neoplasia

Question 30

what are the most common places of metastasis for thyroid cancer ?

Answer 30

Pelvis and chest

Question 31

In what cases do we use PET-CT for thyroid K ?

Answer 31

When it's poorly differentiated and with high levels of Thyroglobulin

Question 32

except FDG, what else can we use for PET in thyroid ?

Answer 32

Iodine-124

Question 33

Papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasizes by ;

Answer 33

Lymphatic route

Question 34

Follicular thyroid cancer metastasizes to ;

Answer 34

Blood, lung, and bone.