Thyroid Radiology Flashcards
(17 cards)
1
Q
Types of imagining used to study thyroid gland
A
- US
- CT
- MRI
- PET scan
- Fxnal imaging
2
Q
Characteristics of US use to study thyroid
A
- US: best for detecting and characterizing nodules
- Can use doppler to tell if node is vascularized
- Normal appearance → homogeneous
- Nodule is discrete area within gland that is distinct from normal/surrounding thyroid parenchyma
3
Q
Characteristics of types of nodules seen on US
A
- Solid → discrete well-defined nodule
- Cystic → discrete well-defined fluid filled
- Complex → discrete nodule with both fluid and solid comp
- Cancer → punctate very small heterogeneous clarifications
4
Q
Characteristics of CT use in thyroid imaging
A
- useful to define extension to lymph nodes and distant metastases
- Normal → hyperdense and hypervascular, homogeneous
5
Q
Characteristics of MRI use in thyroid imaging
A
- Useful for observing tissue invasion from metatasis
- Useful for infiltrative disease, especially in post surgery where anatomy is distorted
- Detection of deep nodal disease
- Can’t differentiate b/w solid vs cystic nodule
- T2: Thyroid is slightly hyperintense
6
Q
Characteristics of PET scan and functional imaging use in thyroid imaging
A
- PET scan: thyroid cancer staging - look for metastatic disease
- Detects hypermetabolic adenopathy
- Functional imaging: Iodine scan → evaluate the function of the gland
- Use radiotracer for diagnostic/therapeutic purposes
7
Q
Dx?
A
Normal thyroid US
8
Q
Characteristics of thyroid on CT Neck
A
- hyperdense
- hypervascular
9
Q
Dx?
A
Normal CT
10
Q
Dx?
A
Solid nodule
11
Q
Dx?
A
Cystic nodule
12
Q
Dx?
A
Complex nodule
13
Q
Dx?
A
Thyroid cancer
14
Q
Dx?
A
Hashimoto’s disease
15
Q
Dx?
A
- hot nodule
- malignancy unlikely
16
Q
Dx?
A
- Cold nodule = possibly malignant
- US + FNAB to determine malignancy
17
Q
Common disease states seen on thyroid imaging
A
- Hot large thyroid gland → Graves disease (123I thyroid scan)
- Cold nodules: solid, cystic, cancer
- Hot nodules
- Thyroid Cancer → hypermetabolic adenopathy on CT/PET
- Therapy: 131I radioactive iodine
