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year 8 > Tiny Science > Flashcards

Tiny Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is the atmosphere closest to the earth and how big is it in km?

A

Troposphere

10km

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2
Q

Gases in atmosphere and percentages

A

Other=1%
Carbon dioxide= 0.04%
Oxygen=21%
Nitrogen=78%

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3
Q

The atmosphere is a ______of ________

A

Mixture

Gases

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4
Q

In the crust most rocks are ________of ________

A

Mixtures

Compounds

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5
Q

How can we learn about the structure of the earth?

A

Use shockwaves from earthquake
Examine rocks on surface and i oceans
Materials that volcanoes bring to the surface

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6
Q

Structure of earth

A

Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core

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7
Q

How thick is the crust

A

8km-40km

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8
Q

What state is the mantle in and what does it do that moves tech tonic plates

A

Mostly solid rock but it can flow

Convection currents

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9
Q

What is the core made out of

A

Iron and nickel

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10
Q

The state of the outer core

A

Liquid

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11
Q

State of inner core

A

Solid

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12
Q

What is the carbon cycle

A

It shows how carbon enters and leaves the atmosphere

It shows how carbon dioxide and its compounds enter and leave carbon stores

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13
Q

List of carbon stores

A

The atmosphere
Oceans containing dissolved carbon dioxide
Sedimentary rocks that contain carbonate and calcium
Fossil fuels such as coal oil natural gases
Plants animals and soil

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14
Q

What gives out carbon into the atmosphere

A

Respiration and combustion

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15
Q

Word equation for respiration

A

Glucose +oxygen -> carbon dioxide +water

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16
Q

Word equation for combustion

A

Methane +oxygen -> carbon dioxide +water

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17
Q

What takes in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

A

Photosynthesis and dissolving

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18
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide +water ——-> glucose +oxygen. Light

19
Q

What is climate change

A

A long term change in weather patterns

20
Q

Impacts of global warming

A 
Melting ice
Flooding
Droughts 
Rainfall heavy
Heat waves
21
Q

By _____ globe increase by ____

A

2100

5%

22
Q

Since __ more ___ enters the atmosphere

A

1800

Carbon dioxide

23
Q

Cause of global warming

A

Burning fossil fuels to generate electricity

Cutting down forests deforestation to make room

24
Q

If there was no carbon dioxide in the atmosphere earth would be

A

Too cold for life

25
Q

What does recycling mean

A

Means collecting and processing materials

Do materials can be used again

26
Q

Recycling paper ->
Recycling bottles ->
Recycling aluminium cans->

A

Paper
Fleeces
Aluminium sheets-> cans

27
Q

Order of recycling

A 
Lory
Factory
Shredded
Decoration removed
Furnace melts shreds
Cools and freezes 
Aluminium ingot
Heated to 600•c
Rollers flattern 
Sheets -> new cans
28
Q

Advantages of recycling

A

Resources last longer
Less energy than new materials
Reduces waste pollution
Extracting metals from ore creates red mud waste

29
Q

Disadvantage of recycling

A

Separating rubbish is a nuisance

Lorries that collect recycling uses fuel and creates pollution

30
Q

Where do the positively charged metals go

A

To the negative cathode where it gains more electrons to become neural

31
Q

Where do negatively charged ions go

A

To the positive anode to loose electrons to become neural

32
Q

What is electrolyte

A

Liquid that conducts electricity

33
Q

What is an anode

A

Positive electrode

34
Q

What is a cathode

A

Negative electrode

35
Q

What is an ion

A

An atom with a charge

36
Q

What is electrolysis

A

Splitting up a compound using electricity

37
Q

What is an ore

A

A rock that you can extract a metal from

38
Q

Iron oxide is

A

Iron + oxygen

39
Q

What is extracting metals

A

Using chemical reactions to extract iron from iron oxide

40
Q

What happens to the metals below carbon

A

Use carbon to extract metals

41
Q

What happens to metals above carbon

A

Uses electrolysis to extract metals

42
Q

Carbon + copper oxide

A

-> copper + carbon dioxide

43
Q

What is a symbol equation for extracting metals

A

C+2CuO-> 2Cu+CO2

44
Q

Why is gold not found as an ore

A

It is unreactive to oxygen

year 8 (8 decks)

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