Tissue lab exam

Question 1

Name the different types of tissues found in the body?

Answer 1

Epithelium, connective, muscle, neural tissue

Question 2

What do you need to know to be able to name the exact type of epithelia?

Answer 2

How many layers, and the shape of the epithelial cell

Question 3

What are the different terms used to describe the shapes of the cells and number of cell layers found in epithelia?

Answer 3

Squamous, cubodial, columnar. Simple, stratified, and pseudostratified.

Question 4

Describe the different characteristics of epithelia:

Answer 4

cell junctions, apical and basal surfaces, attatchment (basal lamina), avasculairty, regeneration.

Question 5

Cell junctions and where to find them?

Answer 5

Occluding junction-apical surface, Gap junction-middle outside of cell, Desmosomes- between cells. Hemidesmosomes-basal lamina

Question 6

What does the occluding junction not allow to take place?

Answer 6

Prevents the passage of water and solutes between cells. Located-apical suface

Question 7

What does the gap junction allow to take place?

Answer 7

Form passageway that let small molecules and ions pass from cell to cell. Location: middle, outside of cell

Question 8

What does the desmosome allow to take place?

Answer 8

Stabilize the shape of the cell. Very strong. Location: between cells

Question 9

What does the hemidesmosome allow to take place?

Answer 9

Attaches cell to extracellular filaments in the basement membrane. Location: basal lamina(basement membrane)

Question 10

What is epithelia regeneration?

Answer 10

epithelia are replaced by division of germinative cells. They divide continually to produce new cells.

Question 11

What is a epithelia basal surface?

Answer 11

base of epithelium are bound to

Question 12

What are the two major groups of Glandular glands?

Answer 12

Endocrine gland, and Exocrine gland

Question 13

Describe endocrine gland:

Answer 13

releases hormones directly into the blood circulatory system and modulate internal body processes. Example pituitary

Question 14

Describe the exocrine gland:

Answer 14

secrete fluids into the epithelial surfaces of the body. Example: sweat gland

Question 15

What are the different modes of secretion in the Glandular Epithelia?

Answer 15

Merocrine, apocrine, holocrine

Question 16

Describe Merocrine gland and give an example:

Answer 16

Helps to regulate body temperature. Released by vesicles, and discharged directly onto the skin. Example Sweat gland

Question 17

Describe Apocrine gland and give an example:

Answer 17

Produces odor, secretes products into hair follicles. Released by shedding cytoplasm. Example mammary gland (breast milk)

Question 18

Describe Holocrine gland and give an example:

Answer 18

The secretion of which consists of disintegrated cells of the gland itself. Released by cells, bursting and killing glands. Example sebacecous gland

Question 19

What is the function of connective tissues?

Answer 19

Connects the epithelium to the rest of the body.

Question 20

What are the different classifications (categories) of connective tissue (CT)?

Answer 20

Connective tissue proper, supportive, and fluid

Question 21

What is the connective tissue proper subtypes?

Answer 21

Loose and dense

Question 22

Examples of loose connective tissue proper:

Answer 22

Areolar, adipose, reticular

Question 23

Examples of dense connective tissue proper:

Answer 23

Regular, irregular, elastic tissue

Question 24

What is the supportive connective tissue subtypes?

Answer 24

Cartlidge, bone

Question 25

Examples of cartlidge supportive connective tissue:

Answer 25

Hyaline, fibrocartlidge, elastic cartlidge

Question 26

Examples of Bone supportive connective tissue:

Answer 26

Compact, spongy

Question 27

What is the fluid connective tissue subtype?

Answer 27

Blood

Question 28

How are the different types of CT different – what makes them different?

Answer 28

Connective tissue proper is composed of loose and dense ct. Supportive ct is composed of cartlidge and bone Fluid ct is composed of bone.

Question 29

Describe the different types of protien fibers found with connective tissue:

Answer 29

Collagen fiber-resists force in one direction Reticular fiber-resist force in many directions Elastic fiber-returns to its original shape.

Question 30

What is the function (role) of fibroblasts and fibrocytes?

Answer 30

Fiberblasts- produce extracellular fibers | Fibrocytes- maintain connective tissue fibers

Question 31

What is the matrix composed of?

Answer 31

Different protein fibers, and fluid known as ground substance.

Question 32

List the different types of membranes:

Answer 32

Muscous, serous, custaneous, synovial membranes

Question 33

How are mucous membranes different from serous membranes?

Answer 33

Muscous membrane line passages that have external connections. Serous membrane line cavities not open to the outside.

Question 34

List the different types of serous membranes and where you find them:

Answer 34

Pleura- cover lungs Peritoneum- covers abs Pericardium- covers heart

Question 35

Name the two types of neural cells and the functions of each:

Answer 35

Neuron-nerve cells that perform electrical communication. | Nueroglia- support cell that repairs and supply nutrients to neurons.

Question 36

Describe the basic parts of a neuron:

Answer 36

Soma-cell body, dendrites, axon, nucleous

Question 37

Where do action potential and graded potentials take place in the neuron?

Answer 37

Action potential in axon. | Graded potential in the axon hillock.