Tissue specific metabolism

Question 1

What is an exemple of petote hormone, and what is its mode of action?

Answer 1

insulin, glucagon

Plasma membrane receptors, second messengers

Question 2

What is the effect of insulin on the overall metabolism?

Answer 2

increase Glucose uptake by muscles, adipose tissue
- increase GLUT 4

Increase Glucose uptake by liver
- increase Hexokinase IV (glucokinase)

Increase glycogen synthesis
- increase glycogen synthase

Decrease glycogen breakdown
- Decrease glycogen phosphorylase

Increase glycolysis, acetyl coA production

• Increase PFK-1 (by increase PFK-2)
• Increase pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Increase fatty acid synthesis (liver)
- Increase acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Increase triacylglycerl syntehsis
- Increase lipoprotein lipase

Question 3

What happens during fasting?

Answer 3

Increase glycogen breakdown
- increase glycogen phosphorylase

Decrease glycogen synthesis
- Decrease glycogen synthase

Decrease glycolysis
- decresae PFK

Increase gluconeogenesis

• Increase FBPase-2
• Decrease pyruvate kinase
• Increase phosphoenol carboxylase

Increase fatty-acid mibilization

• Increase hormone sensitive lipase
• Increase PKA (perilipin)

Increase ketogenesis
- Decrease acetyl-coA carboxylase