Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Med Careers > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

(76 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

tissues

A

collection of similar cells acting together to perform certain functions; combination of 2 or more tissues make up organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 major tissue types

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

epi

A

sit on top of something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

epithelial tissues

A

-form outer layer or cover and sit on top of other tissue
-can line the inside of hollow organs by sitting on top of other tissues
-make up glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

characteristics of epithelial tissues

A

-always have a free top or apex
-cellularity
-anchored together with desmosomes and tight junctions to form sheets of cells
-avascular but has nerve endings(innervation)
-regenerative(replaced frequently)
-can have cilia and microvilli(cleaners/sweepers and absorbers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cellularity

A

made up of tightly packed cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 types of epithelial tissue

A

-squamous(flat, squashed)
-cuboidal(cube-shaped)
-columnar(column-like)
-transitional(stretchy and variably shaped)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 classifications of epithelial tissue

A

-simple(single layer all of the same type)
-stratified(several layers; named by types of cell on outer layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

simple squamous epithelium structure

A

single layer of thin, flattened cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

simple squamous epithelium function

A

well suited for diffusion- very thin/permeable, very slick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

simple squamous epithelium location

A

-lines insides of all blood vessels
-lines the inside of the heart(endocardium)
-lines the walls of capillaries and are responsible for feeding tissue and alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alveoli

A

air sacs of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium structure

A

single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium function

A

secretion(glands) and sometimes absorption(microvilli)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium location

A

kidney tubules and ducts of some glands(salivary, thyroid, pancreas, and liver) <-absorption, and glands(excretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

gland types

A

endocrine & exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

endocrine glands

A

-makes their product and secretes it into the matrix
-capillaries come inside and pickup the product
-product is always a hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

matrix

A

fluid outside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

exocrine glands

A

-secretes it’s product outside of itself using a duct
-product examples: saliva, mucous, sweat, enzymes, oil/wax, milk, and reproductive fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 types of exocrine secretion methods

A

-merocrine secretion
-apocrine secretion
-holocrine secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

merocine secretion

A

cells release their product through exocytosis(mucus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

apocrine secretion

A

the apex of the cells become full of product, pinches off and moves into the duct, and finally breaks down releasing the product(milk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

holocrine secretion

A

the whole cell becomes full of product and ruptures to release the product(sebaceous or oil glands found with hair follicles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

simple columnar epithelium structure

A

elongated cells, nuclei are all located near the basement membrane often having microvilli or cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
simple columnar epithelium function
big absorber and cilia can help move things
26
simple columnar epithelium location
line uterus/fallopian tubes, and intestines(places for absorption or need cilia)
27
pseudostratified(false) columnar epithelium structure
looks like more than one layer, but it’s not, nuclei not all on bottom, have cilia, also have goblet cells
28
pseudostratified(false) columnar epithelium function
sweep debris out of lungs, goblet cells produce mucin(runny, white, clear) and histamine(released by white blood cells caused goblet cells to increase activity)
29
pseudostratified(false) columnar epithelium location
only found in lining of upper respiratory tract(trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles)
30
stratified squamous epithelium structure
flattened layers of cells
31
stratified squamous epithelium function
body’s wear and tear tissue, it’s made to take lots of low energy friction, exposure to the environment, protect us from fluid loss and invasion
32
stratified squamous epithelium location
makes up outer layer of skin, and lines the mouth, throat, vagina, and anal canal
33
epithelial tissue sit on some form of…
connective tissue; the nutrients in the connective tissues matrix diffuse upward and feed the avascular epithelial tissue
34
basement membrane
the very bottom of epithelial tissue
35
mitotic cells
the new daughter cells will be pushed upward
36
melanocytes
release their pigment(melanin) in response to the sun; this pigment gives the skin color and is determined by the amount of melanin they release(genetic); everybody has the same number of melanocytes
37
as cells are pushed upward
they flatten and become squamous
38
the top layer of the tissue
the diffusion of nutrients and these cells are now starved and die; the top layer of this tissue is dead; some places on the body make this layer thicker in response to increased friction(an example of this is callus on your hands or feet)
39
keratin
a tough protective and waterproof protein that can be added to this layer; tissue that have this protein are known as keratinized
40
desquamification
because these cells on the top layer are dead, they respond to friction by falling off. This takes the friction away from the body.(similar to how nascar cars are designed to fall apart when it crashes to take the energy or force of the crash away from the driver)
41
carcinoma
any type of cancer to the epithelial tissue(skin cancer)
42
3 types of carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma
43
basal cell carcinoma
80% of skin cancers; usually caused by too much exposure before the age of 20; looks like a pimple that can't go away; 99% cure rate
44
squamous cell carcinoma
15% of skin cancers; too much sun exposure; can appear red and scaly(sometimes bleeds), but doesn't heal and go away; 99% cure rate
45
malignant melanoma
3-5% of skin cancers; sun exposure and has a genetic link(increases with tanning beds); grows down through the basement membrane and can spread(metastasis); deadly(survival depends on early detection)
46
moles
usually groups of melanocytes; genetics play a large role in location and number
47
ABCD method for looking for skin cancer
A- asymmetry(a mole should be round and not have unequal sides) B- border(the boarders should be smooth, not jagged) C- color(any color changes could imply a problem) D- diameter(has the mole gotten bigger? Does the size exceed the diameter of a pencil eraser?)
48
1st degree burn
top part of the epidermis is burned irritating nerve endings
49
1st degree burn signs and symptoms
painful, red, no blisters
50
1st degree burn healing
3-7 days
51
1st degree burn treatment
cool compress and aloe vera
52
2nd degree burn
epidermis and into the dermis
53
2nd degree burn signs and symptoms
painful, red, blisters, pealing of damaged/dead skin days later
54
2nd degree burn healing
7-10 days depending on burn depth
55
2nd degree burn treatment
cool compress, aloe vera, do not break blisters(can open skin to an infection)
56
what is in the pus in blisters
plasma
57
1st and 2nd degree burns are known as
partial thickness burns and will heal with no scarring
58
3rd degree burn
entire thickness of the epidermis and dermis
59
3rd degree burn signs and symptoms
no pain(nerve endings have been burned and cannot carry pain messages to the brain), whitish or grayish color, sometimes skin slippage, and oozing of fluid
60
3rd degree burn healing
months to one year depending on the location and percentage of body burned
61
3rd degree burn treatment
% of body burned is determined by using the "rule of nines"; several things must be done in order for the patient to survive
62
3rd degree burn treatment options
-IV fluids administration and increase caloric intake (The body is oozing precious fluid that is loaded with nutrition. The body also goes into a high calorie uptake for the healing, so we must feed that process.) -IV antibiotics (The body has lost a valuable barrier to bacteria and the nutrient fluid oozing out is an excellent medium to grow microorganisms) -Debriedment (removal of dead skin) and wrapping the wounds with protective covering or skin grafts -Many months of skin grafts and compression bandages (keeps the scar tissue thickness down) and physical/emotional therapy
63
stratified cuboidal epithelium structure
two to three layers of cuboidal cells lining an opening of larger glands(endocrine)
64
stratified cuboidal epithelium function
several layers of cells provide greater protection than one single layer; secretors
65
stratified cuboidal epithelium location
mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas(larger glands)
66
stratified columnar epithelium structure
consists of several layers of columnar cells
67
stratified columnar epithelium location
not located in very many places in the body: found in vas deferens(male reproductive) and parts of the pharynx; junction of distal esophagus and cardiac sphincter(can be replaced by stratified squamous is constantly damaged by acid reflux)
68
transitional epithelium
designed to distend and return to its normal size, as in lining of the urinary bladder( transitions from cuboidal to squamous as bladder fills); also present in placentas
69
epithelial membranes
contain layer of epithelial tissue and bottom layer of specialized connective tissue
70
3 types of epithelial membranes
cutaneous, mucous, serous
71
cutaneous membranes
functions like a tarp over a boat; ex. skin
72
mucous membranes
lines openings to outside(digestive tract, respiratory, urinary, reproductive); contains specialized cells that produce mucus
73
serous membranes
two layered membrane with potential space between; produce serous fluid which reduces friction between tissues and organs
74
2 types of serous membranes
parietal & visceral
75
parietal membrane
lines walls of cavities
76
visceral membrane
wraps around organs

Med Careers (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions