Tissues

Question 1

What are the four major types of tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle and Nervous

Question 2

What is the main roles of epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

to form protective barrier and to function in secretion and absorption

Question 3

describe the cell of a squamous tissue

Answer 3

thin and flat

Question 4

describe the cell of a cuboidal tissue

Answer 4

a cube like shape

Question 5

describe the cell of a columnar tissue

Answer 5

longer than wider, may have multiple nulcei

Question 6

what is the free or open surface of the epithelial called

Answer 6

apical surface

Question 7

the bottom of epithelial tissue is typically anchored to what?

Answer 7

connective tissue

Question 8

What is the layer which connects epithelial tissue to connective tissue?

Answer 8

the basement membrane

Question 9

describe the basement membrane

Answer 9

thin nonliving layer

Question 10

what does the term “stratified” indicate?

Answer 10

that the epithelial tissues are composed of layers

Question 11

How are epithelial tissues classified?

Answer 11

in terms of cell shape and number of layers in the tissue

Question 12

describe simple squamous epithelium

Answer 12

a single thin flat layer of tissue, allows for some substances to pass through

Question 13

Where would one find simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 13

lining the aveoli, lining blood cappilaries, lining blood and lymph vessels, covering membranes that line body cavity.

Question 14

what is the function of simple squamous tissue?

Answer 14

to control diffusion, osmosis and filtration

Question 15

describe simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 15

a single layer of cuboid shaped cells

Question 16

Where would you find simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 16

Covering the ovaries and lines most of the kidney tubules and the ducts of certain glands

Question 17

what is a function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 17

In the kidneys, this tissue functions in secretion and absorption; in glands, it secretes glandular products

Question 18

describe simple columnar epithelium

Answer 18

Are longer than they are wide, Composed of a single layer of cells, Can be ciliated or non-ciliated

Question 19

where is simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 19

Found in uterus, portions of digestive tract, stomach and the small and large intestines

Question 20

what is the function of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 20

Secretes digestive fluids and mucus onto the free surfaces of tissue

Question 21

describe pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 21

Appear to be layered, or stratified but are not. Instead, the nuclei lie at two or more levels in the row of aligned cells, often contain goblet cells

Question 22

what is the function of pseudostratified epithelium?

Answer 22

these secrete mucus while the cilia sweep dust and microorganisms away

Question 23

where is pseudostratified epithelium found?

Answer 23

Lining the passages of the respiratory system

Question 24

describe stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 24

made of thin flat cells that are layered the many cell layers that make this tissue relatively thick

Question 25

where is stratified squamous epithelium found?

Answer 25

forms the outer layer of the skin, Lines the oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal

Question 26

describe stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 26

two or three layers of cuboidal cells

Question 27

where is stratified cuboidal epithelim found?

Answer 27

Lines the larger ducts of the mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

Question 28

describe stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 28

Consists of several layers of cells, Superficial cells are columnar, whereas the basal layers consist of cuboidal cells

Question 29

where are stratified columnar epithelium found?

Answer 29

Found in the male urethra and parts of the pharanx

Question 30

What is the function of glandular epithelium?

Answer 30

to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids

Question 31

Glands that secrete their products into ducts that open onto surfaces, such as the skin or the lining of the digestive tract, are called

Answer 31

excocrine glands

Question 32

Glands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood are called

Answer 32

endocrine glands

Question 33

What are the three main cell types of connective tissue?

Answer 33

fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells

Question 34

Most common type of fixed cell (resides in the tissue for an extended period of time) in connective tissue are

Answer 34

fibroblasts

Question 35

What is the structure and function of fibroblasts?

Answer 35

Large, star shaped cells produce fibers by secreting proteins into the extracellular matrix of connective tissue

Question 36

Originate as white blood cells and are almost as numerous as fibroblasts in some connective tissues

Answer 36

Macrophages

Question 37

what is the function of macrophages

Answer 37

function as scavengers and defensive cells that clear foreign particles from tissues

Question 38

what is the function of mast cells?

Answer 38

Mast cells release heparin, which prevents blood clotting, and histamine, which promotes some of the reactions associated with inflammation and allergies.

Question 39

what are the three fibers of connective tissue?

Answer 39

collegenous, elastic, reticular

Question 40

describe collogenous fibers

Answer 40

Are thick threads of the protein collagen, Grouped in long parallel bundles, and are flexible but only slightly elastic, but they have great tensile strength

Question 41

where would you find collegenous fibers

Answer 41

primarily in tendons and ligaments

Question 42

describe elastic fibers

Answer 42

Composed of a spring like protein called elastin, These fibers branch forming a complex network, Weaker than collagenous fibers

Question 43

the vocal chords are made of what type of connective fibers?

Answer 43

elastic

Question 44

describe reticular fibers

Answer 44

Thin collagenous fibers Highly branched and form delicate supporting networks

Question 45

name one place where reticular fibers would be found

Answer 45

the spleen

Question 46

what is a reason as to why older people may have wrinkles or saggy skin?

Answer 46

the sun decreasing its elasticity

Question 47

What are three types of loose connective tissue?

Answer 47

Areolar, adipose and reticular

Question 48

binds the skin to underlying organs and fills spaces between muscles.

Answer 48

Areolar tissue

Question 49

cushions joints and some organs (such as the kidneys), and it also insulates beneath the skin and it stores energy in fat molecules

Answer 49

adipose tissue

Question 50

helps provide the framework of certain internal organs, such as the liver and spleen.

Answer 50

reticular tissue

Question 51

describe dense connective tissue

Answer 51

Often binds body parts in the form of tendons and ligaments. Blood supply to dense connective tissue is poor, slowing tissue repair.

Question 52

found on the ends of bones in many joints, soft part of the nose and the supporting rings of the respiratory passages

Answer 52

hyaline cartilage

Question 53

provides the framework for the external ears and for parts of the larynx.

Answer 53

elastic cartilage

Question 54

is a shock absorber for structures that are subjected to pressure. For example, intervertebral discs, also cushions bones in the knees and the pelvic girdle.

Answer 54

fibrocartilage

Question 55

what is the most rigid connective tissue?

Answer 55

Bone

Question 56

What is the function of Bone?

Answer 56

Protects vital organs such as the brain, heart and lungs, Acts as an attachment site for muscles, Red marrow forms blood cells, Stores and releases calcium and phosphorus

Question 57

form in red marrow within the hollow parts of certain long bones

Answer 57

Red blood cells

Question 58

the function of red blood cells is

Answer 58

Transports material between interior body cells and those that exchange substances with the external environment.

Question 59

what type of muscle tissue is voluntary?

Answer 59

skeletal

Question 60

Found in the muscles that usually attach to bones

Answer 60

skeletal muscle

Question 61

what causes a skeletal muscle to contract

Answer 61

stimulation from a nerve cell

Question 62

where is smooth muscle found

Answer 62

Composes the walls of hollow internal organs, such as the stomach, intestine, urinary bladder, uterus, and blood vessels.

Question 63

what is the function of smooth muscle?

Answer 63

moves food through the digestive tract, constricts blood vessels, and empties the urinary bladder.

Question 64

Only found in the heart. Controlled involuntarily. Pumps blood through the heart chambers and into blood vessels.

Answer 64

Cardiac muscle

Question 65

Found in the brain, spinal cord, and | peripheral nerves. Basic cells called neurons.

Answer 65

Nervous tissue

Question 66

what is the function of nervous tissue?

Answer 66

Transmit electrical impulses along the cellular processes called “axons.” They coordinate, regulate, and integrate many body functions.

Question 67

line joint cavities, only consist of connective tissue

Answer 67

synovial membrane

Question 68

what is the basic structure of most membranes?

Answer 68

a layer of epithelial tissue bound to an underlying layer of connective tissue

Question 69

what membrane makes up your skin?

Answer 69

the cutaneous membrane

Question 70

describe the cutaneous membrane

Answer 70

consists of stratified squamous epithelium attached to a thick layer of dense irregular connective tissue. Exposed to the air and is dry

Question 71

line body cavities that open to the exterior such as hollow organs of the digestive, respiratory and urogenital tracts these are moist and bathed by secretions

Answer 71

mucous membrane

Question 72

moist membranes found in closed ventral body cavities. consist of simple squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue

Answer 72

Serous membrane

Question 73

the function of mucous membrane

Answer 73

often adapted for absorption and secretion | most secrete mucous, though the urinary muscousa does not.