Tissues

Question 1

Simple epithelium

Answer 1

describes a single layer of cells.

Question 2

Stratified epithelium

Answer 2

describes epithelium consisting of multiple layers

Question 3

Pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 3

describes a single layer of cells of different sizes, giving the appearance of being multilayered.

Question 4

Squamous

Answer 4

are flat. The nucleus, located near the upper surface, gives these cells the appearance of a fried egg.

Question 5

Cuboidal cells

Answer 5

are cube‐ or hexagon‐shaped with a central, round nucleus. These cells produce secretions (sweat, for example) or absorb substances such as digested food.

Question 6

Columnar cells

Answer 6

are tall with an oval nucleus near the basement membrane. These thick cells serve to protect underlying tissues or may function to absorb substances. Some have microvilli, minute surface extensions, to increase surface area for absorbing substances, while others may have cilia that help move substances over their surface (such as mucus through the respiratory tract).

Question 7

Transitional cells

Answer 7

range from flat to tall cells that can extend or compress in response to body movement

Question 8

avascular

Answer 8

meaning without blood vessels

Question 9

basement membrane

Answer 9

thin, extracellular layer between the epithelial and connective tissue

Question 10

Endocrine glands

Answer 10

secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 11

Exocrine glands

Answer 11

secrete their substances into tubes, or ducts, which carry the secretions to the epithelial surface.