Tissues of the MSK System

Question 1

tissues of MSK system

Answer 1

bone

cartilage

ligaments

muscles

tendons

synovium

bursa

fascia

nerves

blood

lymph

Question 2

fascia…

Answer 2

crosses systems

Question 3

where is fascia

Answer 3

embedded in and surrounding all tissues

Question 4

nerves…

Answer 4

cross systems

Question 5

types of connective tissue

Answer 5

dense

loose

Question 6

what does dense CT do

Answer 6

supports or limits motion

Question 7

where is dense CT found

Answer 7

in bone, ligs, tendons and aponeuroses

Question 8

how is dense CT aligned

Answer 8

parallel

tightly

Question 9

dense CT has…

Answer 9

elastic stretch-plastic stretch rupture

10% lengthening before tearing

Question 10

loose CT is

Answer 10

very flexible

Question 11

where is loose CT found

Answer 11

in capsules, muscles, nerves, fascia and skin

Question 12

loose CT alignment

Answer 12

random fiber orientation

Question 13

loose CT has

Answer 13

greater lengthening w/o tension build up

about 80%

Question 14

composition of bones

Answer 14

1/3 collagen fibers

2/3 mineral salts

Question 15

collagen fibers

Answer 15

somewhat flexible

Question 16

mineral salts

Answer 16

primarily calcium hydroxyapatite

rigid

Question 17

how is bone formed

Answer 17

in response to stress

wolff’s law

Question 18

types of bone

Answer 18

cortical

cancellous bone

Question 19

bone is

Answer 19

highly vascularized

Question 20

cortical bone is made of

Answer 20

flexible collagen fibers and rigid mineral crystals

Question 21

where is cortical bone found

Answer 21

diaphysis of long bones

Question 22

what does cortical bone have

Answer 22

hollow central cavity

Question 23

hollow central cavity is called

Answer 23

medullary canal

marrow cavity

Question 24

cancellous bone is found

Answer 24

at end of long bone –> where the bone expands

where cortical bone becomes porous = cancellous or trabecular bone

Question 25

how do trabeculae lie

Answer 25

in direction of transmitted loads

Question 26

what does cancellous bones do

Answer 26

conducts load from articular surface to diaphyseal cortical bone

Question 27

what part of the bone is highly innervated

Answer 27

periosteum (middle)

Question 28

what is cartilage made up of

Answer 28

cells that produce an extracellular matrix of proteoglycans and collagen fibers w/ a high water content chondroblasts and chondrocytes

Question 29

what is cartilages tensile strength d/t

Answer 29

collagen component

Question 30

what is cartilages resistance to compression d/t

Answer 30

attraction and holding power of the water content

Question 31

cartilage types

Answer 31

articular or hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage growth plate cartilage

Question 32

where is articular or hyaline cartilage located

Answer 32

lines the spaces in synovial joints

Question 33

where does articular or hyaline cartilage attach

Answer 33

underlying bone

Question 34

how does articular or hyaline cartilage attach

Answer 34

by interdigitations like a jigsaw puzzle fitting together

Question 35

nutrition of articular or hyaline cartilage

Answer 35

no blood vessels w/in cartilage itself occurs via loading and unloading the joint

Question 36

what does loading and unloading allow articular or hyaline cartilage to do

Answer 36

allows the water to be imbibed and the waste products to move out of the cartilage

Question 37

where is fibrocartilage located

Answer 37

at attachment sites of ligs, tendons and bones

Question 38

what does fibrocartilage form

Answer 38

menisci in knee symphysis pubis intervertebral disc

Question 39

what does fibrocartilage do

Answer 39

absorbs shock increases joint congruity and fxnal surface area --> increases joint stability

Question 40

growth plate cartilage is found

Answer 40

at epiphyseal ends of long bone esp in kids that are still growing

Question 41

what does growth plate cartilage eventually become

Answer 41

ossified and part of long bone

Question 42

w/ aging, cartilage

Answer 42

decreases in water content becomes more brittle, less supple/springy, less able to resist tensile, torsional and compressive loading

Question 43

cartilage will increase in --> aging

Answer 43

cross-linkages b/w collagen molecules

Question 44

so..w/ aging cartilage

Answer 44

becomes more vulnerable to injury