tissues & osmosis/diffusion

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 2

concentration gradient

Answer 2

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Question 3

solvent

Answer 3

in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

Question 4

solute

Answer 4

substance being dissolved

Question 5

osmosis

Answer 5

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 6

selectively permeable membrane

Answer 6

a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot

Question 7

crenation

Answer 7

in animal cells, shriveling of the cell due to water leaving the cell when the environment is hypertonic

Question 8

hemolysis

Answer 8

the rupture or destruction of red blood cells due to too much absorbtion

Question 9

hypertonic

Answer 9

when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes

Question 10

isotonic

Answer 10

when the concentration of two solutions is the same

Question 11

indicator

Answer 11

a compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base

Question 12

hypotonic

Answer 12

having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

Question 13

membrane

Answer 13

thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ

Question 14

solution

Answer 14

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

Question 15

filtration

Answer 15

a process that separates materials based on the size of their particles

Question 16

epithelium

Answer 16

classified by shapes and number of layers

Question 17

3 types of smooth muscle

Answer 17

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 18

4 primary types of tissues

Answer 18

epithelium, muscle, nervous, connective

Question 19

one layer

Answer 19

simple

Question 20

more than one layer

Answer 20

stratified

Question 21

ways to classify epithelial by shape

Answer 21

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 22

epithelial cells may be reinforced with proteins called

Answer 22

keratin

Question 23

• thin flat cells, one layer thick, lie on basement membrane
• air sacs, lines blood vessels
• allows diffusion, filtration, provides slippery surface

Answer 23

simple squamous epithelium

Question 24

-cubelike/wedge shape, uniform in appearance
-form major glands, kidneys
-involved in secretion of fluids or reabsorption

Answer 24

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 25

-tall columns anchored to basement membrane, free edge may be ciliated or smooth, nuclei frequently aligned in a row -frequently contain mucus secreting goblet cells -digestive tract -uterine tubes

Answer 25

simple columnar epithelium

Question 26

-look layered but all attach to basement membrane, nuclei are at different levels -lining of respiratory passages (mucus traps dust particles)

Answer 26

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 27

-multiple layers, protects underlying tissue from abrasion, can be keratinized or non-keratinized - lines mouth, vaginal canal, outermost layers of skin

Answer 27

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 28

-able to stretch -lining of bladder and urinary system organs

Answer 28

transitional epithelium

Question 29

striated, voluntary, multinucleate

Answer 29

skeletal musle

Question 30

in skeletal muscle they are elongated, cigar like occur in periphery of cell

Answer 30

nuclei

Question 31

-non-striated, uninucleate, spindle shaped, involuntary -found in digestive tract, uterus, blood vessels

Answer 31

smooth muscle

Question 32

-found only in heart -striated, involuntary, uninucleate-oval shaped, central nucleus -intercalated discs join cells -transmit electrical impulses that cause contraction -cells branched

Answer 32

cardiac muscle

Question 33

3 parts of neuron

Answer 33

dendrites, cell body, axon

Question 34

what are the support cells in nervous tissue

Answer 34

glial cells

Question 35

cell body

Answer 35

soma

Question 36

highly cellular, store lipids in large vacuoles, nucleus and cytoplasm stay at cell perimeter

Answer 36

adipose tissue

Question 37

made of mineral component and collagenous fibers, has osteon and central canal

Answer 37

bone

Question 38

large circular regions in bone

Answer 38

osteon

Question 39

what kind of tissue is blood?

Answer 39

connective

Question 40

blood matrix

Answer 40

plasma

Question 41

blood cells are

Answer 41

red blood cells and white blood cells

Question 42

RBCs (pink)

Answer 42

erythrocytes

Question 43

WBCs (purple)

Answer 43

leukocytes

Question 44

cell fragments in blood

Answer 44

platelets

Question 45

-most common type of cartilage -found at ends of bones, between ribs, end of nose, respiratory passages -clear glassy appearance; has chondrocytes and collagenous fibers

Answer 45

hyaline

Question 46

outer lining of cartilage

Answer 46

perichondrium

Question 47

-chondrocytes and collagenous fibers; more collagenous fibers than hyaline -found in areas that take stresses- invertebral discs, meniscus, symphysis pubis

Answer 47

fibrocartilage

Question 48

-contains elastin in addition to collagen fibers -found in external ear; larynx

Answer 48

elastic cartilage

Question 49

fibers are parallel, found in tendons and ligaments

Answer 49

dense regular connective tissue

Question 50

fibers are random; found in white of eye, deep layers of skin

Answer 50

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 51

fibroblasts secrete fibers that mature into

Answer 51

fibroblasts

Question 52

fibers- protein elastin fibroblasts secrete fibers that mature into occurs in walls of arteries

Answer 52

elastic connective tissue

Question 53

wrapping of organs, muscles, at meetings of two organs collagenous fibers, elastic and reticular fibers, fibroblasts, fibrocytes, mast cells, macrophages

Answer 53

loose connective tissue

Question 54

stages of mitosis

Answer 54

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, interphase

Question 55

chromatin threads coil and condense nuclear membrane disappears, spindles appear

Answer 55

prophase

Question 56

chromosomes line up at middle of cells

Answer 56

metaphase

Question 57

chromatids separate to the poles

Answer 57

anaphase

Question 58

cytokinesis, new membrane forms, new nucleus forms, spindles disappear

Answer 58

telophase

Question 59

the period when a cell is performing it's normal activities

Answer 59

interphase