Toddler Development Flashcards
(55 cards)
At what age does the infant become a toddler?
As they enter the second year of life (another name is toddle)
What is the toddlers dual orientation?
Toward maintaining attachment and toward exploring the world and the self
During the second year what does the toddler want to do?
Realize their inner goals
When does brain development rapidly continue in toddlers?
Brain development continues rapidly up to age 2, then slows since by that time length branching of neuronal circuits have reached adult levels, increase myelination
What does the attachment relationship form for a toddler?
Forms a exploratory behavior
Providing modeling for behavior (attachment)
Toddlers watch their parents and imitate them, especially when the relationship is secure
Providing social referencing (attachment)
The toddler uses social referencing skills by relying on the parent to mediate between himself and new experiences and people
Helping the toddler construct an understanding of the world
The parent increasily is an explainer and clarifier for the child, putting things into words to be understood
Encouraging and scaffolding the toddlers language and communication skills
The parent helps the toddler learn language and construct images of the world by filling in connections, asking questions
Providing encouragement for progressive development
Parents offering praise, encouraging focused attention and persistence and asking questions that require the toddler to think about his experience
Continuing dyadic regulation of affect and impulse
The parent through comforting, setting limits, and putting things into words, helps the child learn to regulate feelings, helping cope with anger or tantrums
By the age of 2 is when gender comes into play meaning
Toddlers understand gender differences and can identify themselves as female or male
What does a cognitive advance allow the toddler to do?
Allows the toddler to predict and anticipate what is going to happen, but it can also be a source of uncertainty and anxiety when a toddler correctly understands that something is going to happen but doesn’t know what
A toddlers persistent and determination is a sign of
Cognitive development, ex: a 2 year old keeps the TV buttons in mind and keeps pushing them until he is satisfied or until a parent stops him
How is the burst of language learning between ages 16-24 months made possible?
By a surge of growth in the cortical areas of the brain related to language
By age 2 how many words is a child speaking
300 words
What is language used for?
Understanding emotions, by age 18-24 children will begin to use happy, sad, good, etc.
What does crib talk help with?
Gives the toddler practice with words and linguistic structures, it tends to disappear by age 3! The child continues to think in words
Even though language based self regulation is developing, it is important to remember that
Toddlers do not use it consistently, they still want fulfill their wishes and express their emotions and act on impulse
When do toddlers become frustrated with language?
When they cannot express things clearly! They understand what they are trying to say but others do not
Piaget labeled sensorimotor play as
Playing with toys by learning what they feel like, what noises they make, what they can do! (Between ages 1-2)
Midway through the second year sensorimotor play tends to alternate with
Imaginative or pretend play, they use toys symbolically and to integrate them into play scenarios (earliest types of symbolic play occurs when the toddler substitutes one object for another)
Piaget said that symbolic play (child’s experience) offers toddlers with
Reliving and coping with the stressful aspect of reality, at a distance through fantasy that is under the child’s control, starting at age 2 and sometimes develops into imaginative play
Lieberman lists three factors that may lead to aggression in toddlers
- Disagreements about what is safe, 2. Their desire to have it all, 3. Opposition and negativism that go with wanting to have things their way
