Toe & Foot Anatomy Flashcards
Rearfoot
Calcaneous
Talus
= provide stability & shock absorption during early stance phase of gait & serves as lever arm for Achilles tendon during plantarflexion
Midfoot
Navicular
3 cuneiforms
Cuboid
= shock-absorbing
Forefoot
5 MTs
14 phalanges
= act as lever during the preswing phase of gait
Tarsals
Calcameus Talus Navicular Cuboid 3 Cuneiforms
Sustentaculum tali
Off anterior superior medial surface of calcaneal body
Helps support the talus
Peroneal tubercle
Off lateral side of calcaneous
Assists in maintaining the stability & alignment of the peroneal tendons
Keystone of medial longitudinal arch
Navicular
Ligaments joining tarsal bones
Dorsal tarsal ligaments
Plantar tarsal ligaments
Interosseius tarsal ligaments
Subtalar joint
Located at the junction between the inferior surface of talus & superior surface of calcaneus
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
Lies in the tarsal canal
Assists in maintaining alignment between the talus & calcaneus AND serves as axis for talar filt & devides the subtalar joint into two articular cavities
Junction between rearfoot and midfoot
Talocalcaneounavicular joint (TCN) calcaneocuboid joint (CC)
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
“Spring” ligament
soft tissue support to inferior portion of the joint capsule
Metatatarsophalangeal joints (MTP)
Allows flexion & extension, limited degrees of abduction, adduction, and rotation of toes
SUPERFICIAL Layer of Intrinsic Foot Muscles
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
MIDDLE Layer of Intrinsic Foot Muscles
Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
