Toleration In The New World

Question 1

The context of America

Answer 1

1492 - Columbus discovers America
1493 - pope Alexander VI issues a papal bull about Spanish activities in the new world - Spanish crown is entitled to brig newly discovered territories under its way so residents embrace the Christian religion

Question 2

What is an infidel

Answer 2

A person who has not been exposed to a religion

Question 3

What did the papal bull mean?

Answer 3

The purpose of travelling to other lands was religious, excommunication for those who disobeyed

Question 4

Who was Juan Gines de Sepulveda

Answer 4

• theologian and lawyer, played roles of chaplain and historian for Charles V

Question 5

What did Sepulveda argue about war?

Answer 5

War is just providing:
1. Self defence
2. Reclaiming stolen goods or land
3. Punishing evildoers who havent been punished by their communities
4. Forcing the naturally servile to obey

Question 6

What is the argument from natural servility

Answer 6

1. Those who are mortally and intellectually superior can subjugate those inferior
2. Spanish are morally and intellectually superior

Question 7

Bartholome de las Casas

Answer 7

• one of the first settlers in Hispaniola
• 1510 was the first priest ordained in the new world
• defended slavery and participated in slave raids against local people
• 1514, a passage from book of sirach made him realise this was wrong and began preaching dor the abolition of slavery