Tongue and Floor of the Mouth

Question 1

what is the anterior boundary of the oral cavity

Answer 1

the lips/ oral fissure

Question 2

what is the roof of the oral cavity

Answer 2

hard and soft palates

Question 3

what is the floor of the oral cavity

Answer 3

soft tissues, including tongue

Question 4

what are the lateral boundaries of the oral cavity

Answer 4

cheeks

Question 5

what separates the oral cavity into the oral vestibule and the oral cavity proper

Answer 5

the dental arches

Question 6

what connects the oropharynx and the oral cavity

Answer 6

the oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 7

what is the depression in the midline of the lips

Answer 7

the philtrum

Question 8

what is the arterial supply to the lips

Answer 8

the superior and inferior labial arteries from the facial arteries - they join in the midline of the lips to make an arterial ring

Question 9

what is the sensory innervation of the lips

Answer 9

CN V2 supplies upper lip via infraorbital
CN V3 supplies lower lib via mental branch

Question 10

what artery supplies the cheeks

Answer 10

the buccal artery - branch of maxillary artery

Question 11

what is the sensory innervation to the cheeks

Answer 11

buccal branch of CN V3

Question 12

what is the motor innervation to the cheeks

Answer 12

CN VII

Question 13

where is the geniohyoid muscle located

Answer 13

superior to the mylohyoid muscle and inferior to the genioglossus

Question 14

what is the geniohyoid origin and insertion

Answer 14

O = mental spine of mandible
I = body of the hyoid

Question 15

where is the vallate papillae located

Answer 15

the largest papillae, arranged in V shape anterior to terminal sulcus of the tongue

Question 16

where is the foramen cecum situated

Answer 16

a small pit in the midpoint of the terminal sulcus

Question 17

what is the foramen cecum remnant of

Answer 17

the thyroglossal duct which the thyroid gland developed from

Question 18

what marks the midline of the inferior surface of the tongue

Answer 18

the frenulum

Question 19

what is found on either side of the frenulum

Answer 19

lingual vein and sublingual folds

Question 20

what are two examples of veins of the tongue

Answer 20

deep lingual vein and dorsal vein

Question 21

what are the four intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 21

superior longitudinal. inferior longitudinal, transverse and vertical

Question 22

what is the function of the superior and inferior longitudinal muscles

Answer 22

makes tongue short and thick

Question 23

what is the function of the transverse and vertical muscles

Answer 23

makes tongue long and narrow

Question 24

what are the four extrinsic muscles

Answer 24

genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus and styloglossus

Question 25

what is the function of the genioglossus

Answer 25

responsible for protruding the tongue

Question 26

where is the genioglossus situated

Answer 26

superior to the mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles, attaching to the hyoid and superior mental spines of the mandible

Question 27

what occurs if the genioglossus is not working and when might this occur

Answer 27

the tongue falls posteriorly and obstructs airway - this can happen during general anaesthesia

Question 28

where is the hyoglossus muscle situated

Answer 28

lateral to genioglossus

Question 29

what is the function of the hyoglossus

Answer 29

depressing the sides of the tongue

Question 30

what major structure of the tongue passes between the hyoglossus and genioglossus muscles

Answer 30

the lingual artery

Question 31

what is the function of the styloglossus muscle

Answer 31

elevating and retracting the mandible

Question 32

where is the palatoglossus muscle situated

Answer 32

it originates from palatine aponeurosis on posterior surface of hard palate

Question 33

what is the function of the palatoglossus

Answer 33

depresses soft palate towards the tongue can lift the posterior tongue

Question 34

what nerve supplies all the muscles of the tongue except from the palatoglossus

Answer 34

hypoglossal nerve

Question 35

what supplies the palatoglossus muscle

Answer 35

the vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal nerves

Question 36

what supplies general sensation to anterior 2/3rd of tongue

Answer 36

CN V3 - lingual nerve

Question 37

what supplies general sensation to the posterior 1/3rd of tongue

Answer 37

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 38

what supplies special sensation to anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Answer 38

chorda tympani via facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 39

what supplies special sensation to posterior 1/3rd of tongue and the vallate papillae

Answer 39

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 40

what is the arterial supply of the tongue

Answer 40

lingual artery via the external carotid

Question 41

what is the venous drainage of the tongue

Answer 41

the deep lingual and dorsal lingual veins that drain into the IJV either directly or via lingual vein