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Cyber Security > Tools of the Trade: Linux & SQL > Flashcards

Tools of the Trade: Linux & SQL Flashcards

1
Q

Application

A

program that performs a specific task

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2
Q

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

A

microchip that contains loading instructions for the computer and is prevalent in older systems

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3
Q

Bootloader

A

software program that boots the operating system

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4
Q

Command-Line Interface CLI

A

text-based user interface that uses commands to interact with the computer

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5
Q

Graphical User Interface GUI

A

user interface that uses icons on the screen to manage different tasks on the computer

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6
Q

Hardware

A

Physical components of the computer

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7
Q

Legacy operating system

A

operating system that is outdated but still being used

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8
Q

Operating System OS

A

interface between computer hardware and the user

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9
Q

Random Access Memory RAM

A

hardware component used for short-term memory

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10
Q

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UEFI

A

microchip that contains loading instructions for the computer and replaces BIOS on more modern systems

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11
Q

User interface

A

program that allows the user to control the functions of the operating system

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12
Q

Virtual Machine VM

A

virtual version of a physical computer

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13
Q

Bash

A

default shell in most Linux distributions

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14
Q

CentOS

A

open-source distribution that is closely related to Red Hat

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15
Q

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A

computer’s main processor, which is used to perform general computing tasks on a computer

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16
Q

Command

A

Instruction telling the computer to do something

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17
Q

Digital forensics

A

practice of collecting and analyzing data to determine what has happened after an attack

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18
Q

Directory

A

File that organizes where other files are stored

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19
Q

Distribtuions

A

different versions of Linux

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20
Q

File path

A

location of a file or directory

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21
Q

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)

A

Component of the Linux OS that organizes data

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22
Q

Graphical user interface (GUI)

A

user interface that uses icons on the screen to manage different tasks on the computer

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23
Q

Hard Drive

A

hardware component used for long-term memory

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24
Q

Hardware

A

physical components of a computer

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25
Q

Internal hardware

A

components required to run the computer

26
Q

Kali Linux

A

open-source distribution of Linux that is widely used in the security industry

27
Q

Kernel

A

component of the Linux OS that manages processes and memory

28
Q

Linux

A

open source operating system

29
Q

Package

A

piece of software that can be combined with other packages to form an application

30
Q

Package manager

A

tool that helps users install, manage, and remove packages or applications

31
Q

Parrot

A

open-source distribution that is commonly used for security

32
Q

Penetration test (pen test)

A

simulated attack that helps identify vulnerabilities in systems, networks, websites, applications, and processes

33
Q

Peripheral devices

A

hardware components that are attached and controlled by the computer system

34
Q

Random Access Memory (RAM)

A

hardware component used for short-term memory

35
Q

Red Hat Enterprise Linux

A

also referred to simply as Red Hat in this course: subscription distribution of Linux built for enterprise use

36
Q

Shell

A

command-line interpreter

37
Q

Standard error

A

error message returned by the OS through the shell

38
Q

Standard input

A

information received by the OS via the command line

39
Q

Standard output

A

information returned by the OS through the shell

40
Q

String data

A

Data consisting of an ordered sequence of characters

41
Q

Ubuntu

A

open-source, user-friendly distribution that is widely used in security and other industries

42
Q

User

A

person interacting with a computer

43
Q

Absolute File Path

A

full file path which starts from the root

44
Q

Argument (linux)

A

Specific information needed by a command

45
Q

Authentication

A

process of verifying who someone is

46
Q

Authorization

A

Concept of granting access to specific resources in a system

47
Q

Bash

A

default shell in most Linux distros

48
Q

Command

A

instruction telling the computer to do something

49
Q

File Path

A

location of a file or directory

50
Q

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard FHS

A

component of the Linux OS that organizes data

51
Q

Filtering

A

Selecting data that match a certain condition

52
Q

nano

A

command-line file editor that is available by default in many Linux distros

53
Q

Options

A

input that modifies the behavior of a command

54
Q

Permissions

A

type of access granted for a file or directory

55
Q

Principle of least privilege

A

concept of granting only the minimal access and authorization required to complete a task or function

56
Q

Relative file path

A

file path that starts from the user’s current directory

57
Q

Root directory

A

the highest -level directory in Linux

58
Q

Root user (superuser)

A

user with elevated privileges to modify the system

59
Q

Standard input

A

information received by the OS via the command line

60
Q

Standard output

A

information returned by the OS through the shell

Cyber Security (5 decks)

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