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OSCI > Top 55 dx (3) > Flashcards

Top 55 dx (3) Flashcards

1
Q

Hyperlipidemia Rx

A

atorvastatin 10 mg PO qd

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2
Q

HLD dx studies

A

Fasting labs:
cbc
cmp
TSH
Lipid panel

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3
Q

HLD non pharm

A

healthy lifestyle choices
exercise
DASH and mediterranean diet
weight management

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4
Q

HTN Rx

A

(diuretic) hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg PO once daily

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5
Q

Kidney Disease Rx

A

depends on cause

lisinopril 2.5 mg PO once daily
+ empagliflozin 10 mg PO once daily (albumin >300 or protein >500)

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6
Q

Kidney stones Rx

A

NSAID - indomethacin 25 mg PO, TID, as needed

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7
Q

Laryngitis Sx

A

hoarseness usually preceded by a viral URI

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8
Q

Laryngitis Rx

A

acetaminophen 650 q4-6H prn

(mucolytic) guaifenesin 1200 mg PO, BID prn (Mucinex)

(cough suppressant) codeine sulfate 15 mg PO q4-6H prn

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9
Q

Migraines Sx

A

unilateral, pulsating, episodic pain, NV, photophobia, phonophobia

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10
Q

migraine dx studies

A

CBC
CMP
TSH

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11
Q

Migraine Rx

A

Acute - ibuprofen 400 mg PO every 4-6 hours, prn

Acute - sumatriptan when it’s mild to help stop progression; 200 mg/day PO dose

topiramate 25 mg qHS x 1 week then 50 mg/day q wk

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12
Q

Mononucleosis - most often from

A

EBV

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13
Q

Mononucleosis Sx

A

fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, malaise, rash, mylagia

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14
Q

mono Rx

A

acetaminophen 650 q4-6 H prn

ibuprofen 400 mg q4-6 H prn

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15
Q

mono non pharm

A

Get rest
adequate fluids
nutritious diet

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16
Q

Onychomycosis Rx

A

terbinafine 250 mg PO daily for 12 weeks (toes) or 6 weeks (nails

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17
Q

osteoarthritis

A

progressive destruction of cartilage and bone

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18
Q

OA clinical findings

A

asymmetrical joint pain
morning stiffness < 1 hour
stiffness returns at end of day
joints are cool with crepitus
limited ROM

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19
Q

OA diagnostic studies

A
  1. no dx lab tests needed
  2. order x ray
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20
Q

Osteoarthritis Rx

A

acetaminophen 650 q4-6H prn

diclofenac topic 1%, apply to affected area, QID, prn

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21
Q

OA non pharm

A
  1. weight management
  2. exercise
  3. muscle strengthening
  4. hot/cold to affected joints
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22
Q

otitis externa Rx

A

bacterial: ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone 0.3/0.1% four drops in ear, BID, for 7 days

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23
Q

otitis media Rx

A

Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate) 875/125 mg PO BID for 5 days

24
Q

OSA Rx

A

none - need CPAP machine, refer to sleep specialist

25
Q

OSA non pharm

A

Exercise
weight management
quit smoking
get vaccinated
avoid alcohol
avoid sedatives
don’t sleep in supine position (sleep on side)

26
Q

PAD

A

stenosis of occlusion of limb arteries that impeded blood flow

27
Q

PAD assessment findings
5

A
  1. intermittent claudication
  2. pain, ache, cramp with activity
  3. lack of hair growth on lower leg
  4. thickened toenails
  5. diminished or absent pulses
28
Q

PAD dx studies

A
  1. gold standard is CTA of lower extremities
  2. ABI
29
Q

PAD Rx

A

clopidogrel 75 mg PO qd

30
Q

PAD non pharm

A
  1. quit smoking
  2. improve DM or HTN
  3. stop exercising when it hurts, restart when it stops hurting
  4. walk 3 x/week for 30-60 mins
  5. weight reduction
31
Q

Pharyngitis s/sx

A

sore throat
pharyngeal inflammation
cervical adenopathy

32
Q

Pharyngitis Rx

A

acetaminophen 650 q4-6H prn

33
Q

Pneumonia s/sx

A

cough with sputum
fever
chills
dyspnea
pleuritic pain
myalgia
arthralgia

34
Q

PNA dx studies
3

A
  1. chest x ray
  2. CBC w/ diff
  3. influenza test, covid test
35
Q

Pneumonia Rx

A

amoxicillin 1000 mg TID for 5 days
or
azithromycin 500 mg x 1 day then 250 mg x 4 days

36
Q

Psoriasis s/sx

A

well demarcated
erythematous plaques with scales

37
Q

Psoriasis Rx

A

hydrocortisone topical 2.5%, apply 2-4 times/day prn

38
Q

Upper respiratory tract infection is usually

A

viral

39
Q

URTI Rx

A

acetaminophen 650 q4-6H prn

40
Q

RLS Rx

A

carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg PO at bedtime

41
Q

RLS non pharm

A

minimize alcohol, caffeine, nicotine
stretch
exercise
massage affected area

42
Q

RA

A

immune mediated inflammatory arthritis

43
Q

RA assessment findings
6

A
  1. weakness
  2. fatigue
  3. malaise
  4. joint pain/stiffness at rest and with movement
  5. joint pain lasts > 1 hour in morning
  6. symmetrical joint pain
44
Q

RA dx studies
6

A
  1. joint x ray
  2. RF
  3. ANA
  4. anti CCP
  5. ESR
  6. CRP
45
Q

RA Rx

A

hydroxychloroquine sulfate 400 mg PO daily

46
Q

RA non pharm

A

rest
exercise
PT/OT
x ray of area
ophthalmologic screening for Rx

47
Q

RA labs

A

CBC
CMP
ESR
CRP

48
Q

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis S/Sx

A

sneezing
rhinorrhea
nasal obstruction
itchy eyes, nose, palate
Postnasal drip
cough
irritability, fatigue

49
Q

Rhinitis Rx

A

intranasal corticosteroid - fluticasone propionate nasal 50 mcg, 2 sprays in each nostril, daily

oral antihistamine - loratadine 10 mg daily prn

50
Q

Sciatic Rx

A

ibuprofen 400 mg q4-6 prn
or
cyclobenzaprine 5 mg TID prn

51
Q

Sinusitis S/Sx

A

inflammation of sinuses
facial pain
stuffy, runny nose
thick mucus
tooth discomfort
fever, fatigue, cough, HA

52
Q

sinusitis Rx

A

tylenol prn fever/pain

Fluticasone propionate/Flonase 50 mcg 2 sprays in each nostril daily prn

53
Q

Sinusitis is most often

A

viral

54
Q

Tinea corporis aka

A

ring worm

55
Q

Tinea Corporis Rx

A

Terbinafine topical 1% BID 3 weeks
Or
clotrimazole topical 1% cream q day for 2 weeks

56
Q

Mono - spread how

A

Most often bodily fluids (saliva)

57
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Fungal infection of the nails

OSCI (20 decks)

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