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Teeside University - Engineering Science > TOPIC 1 > Flashcards

TOPIC 1 Flashcards

Metric Units and the SI System (74 cards)

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1
Q

What is the Si Unit for length?

A

Metre (m)

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2
Q

What is the Si Unit for Mass?

A

Kilogram (Kg)

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3
Q

What is the SI Unit for Current?

A

Ampere (A)

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4
Q

What is the SI Unit for Temperature?

A

Kelvin (k)

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5
Q

What is the SI unit for Luminous Intensity?

A

Candela (Cd)

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6
Q

What is the SI unit for the amount of substance?

A

Mole (mol)

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7
Q

Convert 0059Kg to Grams

A

0059.0 x 1000 = 59g

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8
Q

10mm is equal to how many cms?

A

1cm

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8
Q

What is 1dm3

A

1 Cubic Decilitre - 1L

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9
Q

100mm2 is equal to how many centimetres squared

A

Answer = 1cm2

10mm = 1cm
1000mm = 1cm3

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10
Q

Convert 2370cm2 to m2

A

100cm = 1m so 100cm2

10000cm2 = 1m2

Therefore we must divide 2370cm by 10000 to express the quantity in square metres

2370cm2 = 2370/10000 m2

0.2370m2

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11
Q

Convert mg to Kg

A

x10 to the negative 6

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12
Q

List 5 most important points when taking good quality measurements

A

1 - Plan in advance
2 - Check the system is running normally
3 - Calibrate instrumentation
4 - Check the instruments are operating normally
5 - Prepare data sheet
6 - Record raw data directly
7 - Note start and end conditions of system and instruments

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13
Q

How to avoid systematic bias of a data sample of the entire population

A

The data is taken at random all population has an equal chance of being chosen

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14
Q

What is qualitative data?

A

Qualitative cannot be arranged in order of magnitude and can include properties such as colour and shapes or types of fault.

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15
Q

What are quantitive data types?

A

Are usually integer data Ie. yes or no counted

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16
Q

What is discrete data?

What are some examples?

A

Separate values with no intermediate values or continuous variable.

Pass/Fail
Go/no go gauge
Accept reject

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17
Q

What is Continuous data?

What are some examples?

A

Is usually measured on a continious scale such as temperature.

Length of wire

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18
Q

What is random variation?

A

Random variation is a natural variation that is caused by many minor factors in a process

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19
Q

What is assignable variation?

A

Assignable variation is a variation that can be traced back to a specific cause such as tool failure or different operators.

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20
Q

What is statistical process control?

A

Statistical process control removes any assignable variation before running tests. For accuracy of results

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21
Q

What are the benefits of a pie chart?

A

It gives a good clear picture of the data

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22
Q

What are the disadvantages of a pie chart?

A

If there are more than 5 pieces of information it may not be clear at a glance.

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23
Q

What is the formula to work out pie chart distribution?

A

360 x n / total n

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24
How do you calculate the range of data?
Difference between the maximum and minimum data set in order of magnitude. Range = Maximum - Minimum
25
How many class intervals should there typically be?
Between 8 and 15
26
What does 'n' denote?
n is the number of class intervals
27
What does 'k' denote?
k denotes the class width or number of intervals.
28
How do you work out the class width?
k = r / (n - 1) r = range n = number of class intervals
29
What will the result be of having too many class intervals?
Too many class intervals will spread data too far for trends and patterns to emerge
30
What will the result be if there are too little class intervals?
Too little class intervals will compress the data into a shapeless block.
31
What is cumulative frequency?
Cumulative frequency is the sum of all current and lower frequencies
32
What are the benefits of a cumulative frequency curve?
A cumulative frequency curve will help you find the median, quartiles and percentiles of a data set.
33
What is relative frequency?
Relative frequency takes a set point from the entire data sample it is a percentage or proportion of each class.
34
How do you work out the relative frequency?
Relative frequency = Frequency of event occuring / Total number of trials of the experiment.
35
Describe skewed to the left data distribution
Skewed to the left is when the mean is less than the median. Which is often less than the mode.
36
Describe skewed to the right data distribution.
Skewed to the right is when the mode is often less than the median which is less than the mean.
37
What is symmetrical distribution
Symetrical distribution is when variables appear at the same frequencies often meaning the mean mode and median occur at the same point.
38
What is the mode?
Mode is the event which occurs most often. If all values have the same frequency then the mode cannot be determined.
39
Describe Bimodal distribution
Bimodal distribution is when 2 distinct centres of data
40
What is a common cause of Bimodal frequencies
A common cause of this is mixing two data sets.
41
What is the median?
The median is the middle value of data when organised in order of magnitude.
42
If there is an even number of values then how do we calculate the median?
The median is calculate as the average of the two
43
What is the mean?
The mean is the arithmetic average of all the values in the sum
44
What is x bar
Is the mean
45
What is the following symbol? x̄
The mean or x bar
46
When data becomes more skewed what should be used instead of mean
The median are more useful when the data becomes more skewed. Medians are unaffected when data is bimodal.
47
What figure is required when aiming to interpolate?
The median
48
The median separates data into what?
2 quantiles
49
When data is separated into 4 parts what is this called?
Quartiles
50
When data is separated into ten equal parts what is this called?
Decilies
51
When data is separated into 100 equal parts what is this called?
Percentiles
52
What is the interquartile range?
Is the difference in the range of two quartiles
53
Advantages of the mean
Easily understood Uses all values In common use
54
Disadvantages of mean
Affected by extreme values Need to know all values May not represent central tendency
55
Advantages of Mode
Not affected by extreme values Easy to calculate
56
Disadvantages of mode
May be in local peak away from main data Does not use all of the individual values in data May be more than one mode
57
Advantages of median
Easy to obtain Not affected by extreme values Only needs half the data to be calculated
58
Disadvantages of median
Does not use all the individual values in data Can be misleading Difficult to involve equations
59
What is population
population is used to describe the full or complete distribution denoted as uppercase 'N'
60
What is sample denoted as
sample is lower case 'n'
61
What is variance?
Variance is the measure of actual spread of variation in data
62
What is population variance denoted as
O2
63
What is bressels correction
Bressels correction is used for a correction factor of n/n-1 allows for the sample average to be used instead of population mean.
64
What is xi in standard deviation
xi is the the value of a variable
65
What is this symbol? μ
μ is the population average
66
What is this symbol? x̄
x̄ is the sample average
67
What happens when you have a negative squared?
It becomes positive
68
What are the 3 steps of standard deviation?
Step 1 - find the mean Step 2 - Find the sum of all data points subtracting the data point from mean then squaring result (this is also the variance) Step 3 - Find the square of of step 2 divided by number of data points 'n'
69
What is the excel formula for standard deviation?
STDEV.S
70
What is the excel forumal for variance?
For population - var.p
71
What is a low standard deviation?
Indicates that data points are close to the mean
72
What is a high standard deviation?
Indicates that data points are spread out over a wider range
73

Teeside University - Engineering Science (1 decks)

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