Topic 1 and 2

Question 0

What was the early atmosphere composed of?

Answer 0

carbon dioxide and water vapour

Question 1

What caused the atmosphere to be contain oxygen?

Answer 1

Photosynthesis from plants

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

Question 2

How did the oceans and lakes form?

Answer 2

Water vapour given out by volcanoes condensed into liquid water

Question 3

Atmosphere

Answer 3

Layer of gases that surround the Earth

Question 4

Sedimentary Rock

Answer 4

Rock made by the compression of layers of solid material (sediment) that settles at the bottom of a fluid, such as water

Question 5

Limestone

Answer 5

A sedimentary rock, chemical name calcium carbonate

Question 6

Noble gases

Answer 6

Unreactive gases in group 0 of the Periodic Table

Question 7

Deforestation

Answer 7

The destruction of the trees and forests

Question 8

Which gas is most abundant (common) in the air today?

Answer 8

Nitrogen (78%)

Question 9

What gas makes up 21% of the air today?

Answer 9

Oxygen

Question 10

Magma

Answer 10

Molten rock inside the Earth’s crust

Question 11

Lava

Answer 11

Molten rock on the Earth’s surface

Question 12

Igneous rocks

Answer 12

Rock formed when magma cools and solidifies

Question 13

Crystals

Answer 13

A solid in which the particles are arranged in an ordered pattern

Question 14

Extrusive igneous rock

Answer 14

Rock formed when magma cool quickly outside the Earth’s crust, forms large crystals

Question 15

Intrusive igneous rocks

Answer 15

Rock formed when magma cools slowly inside the Earth’s crust, forms large crystals

Question 16

Granite

Answer 16

Example of an igneous rock

Question 17

Erosion

Answer 17

Removal or transportation of broken up rocks

Question 18

Chalk

Answer 18

Sedimentary rock, chemical name calcium carbonate

Question 19

Fossil

Answer 19

The remains or trace evidence of prehistoric living organisms

Question 20

Metamorphic Rock

Answer 20

Rock formed by the action of very high temperature and pressure on other rocks

Question 21

Marble

Answer 21

Metamorphic rock, mostly calcium carbonate, formed from limestone or chalk

Question 22

Quarry

Answer 22

Shallow mine on the Earth’s surface where whole rocks are removed

Question 23

Name 4 uses of limestone?

Answer 23

Construction, Making concrete and cement, making glass, making steel and iron alloys

Question 24

Thermal decomposition

Answer 24

Reaction in which one substance (e.g. calcium carbonate) breaks down when heated to form two or more new substances

Question 25

Cement

Answer 25

Material made by heating limestone with clay

Question 26

Concrete

Answer 26

Material made by mixing cement with sand, stones and water

Question 27

Reactant

Answer 27

Substance used up in chemical reactions

Question 28

Product

Answer 28

Substance formed from a chemical reaction

Question 29

Atom

Answer 29

The smallest part of an element that can take part in chemical reactions

Question 30

Element

Answer 30

Substance that cannot be split up into simpler substance, found on the Periodic Table

Question 31

Compound

Answer 31

A substance containing two or more elements chemically joined together

Question 32

Chemical formula

Answer 32

A combination of symbols and numbers that shows how many atoms of different kinds are in a particular molecule. In compounds which do not form molecules, it shows the ratio of elements in the compound

Question 33

State symbols

Answer 33

Letters showing the state of a substance

Question 34

Precipitation reaction

Answer 34

Reaction in which an insoluble product is formed from soluble reactants

Question 35

Soluble

Answer 35

Substance which dissolves in a given substance

Question 36

Insoluble

Answer 36

Substance which does not dissolve in a given substance

Question 37

Precipitate

Answer 37

Insoluble product formed in a precipitation reaction

Question 38

What is a test of carbon dioxide?

Answer 38

Turns limewater milky/cloudy

Question 39

Limewater

Answer 39

A solution of calcium hydroxide that turns milky when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it

Question 40

Neutralisation reaction

Answer 40

Reaction in which a base or acid reacts with an acid