Topic 3 and 4

Question 1

What is the acid found within the stomach?

Answer 1

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 2

Antacid

Answer 2

A compound that is used to neutralise acid in the stomach

Question 3

What is the cause of indigestion?

Answer 3

The stomach produces too much acid which can cause stomach pain

Question 4

Base

Answer 4

A substance that will react with an acid to form only salt and water

Question 5

Salt

Answer 5

A compound formed by the neutralisation of an acid by a base. The first part of the chemical name comes from the metal in the metal oxide/hydroxide/carbonate. The second part comes from the acid

Question 6

Alkali

Answer 6

A soluble base

Question 7

pH scale

Answer 7

A scale from 1 to 14 showing the acidity or alkalinity. Numbers below 7 are acids. Numbers above 7 are alkalis. pH 7 is neutral

Question 8

Indicator

Answer 8

A solution that changes colour in acid and alkaline solutions

Question 9

Universal Indicator

Answer 9

A mixture of different indicators giving a different colour at different points on the pH scale

Question 10

Litmus paper

Answer 10

Blue litmus paper turns red in acid solutions and red litmus paper turns blue in alkaline solutions

Question 11

Hazard Symbols

Answer 11

Symbols used on containers that warn people about the dangers of the contents

Question 12

Acid + Metal Oxide —->

Answer 12

Salt + Water

Question 13

Acid + Metal Hydroxide —–>

Answer 13

Salt + Water

Question 14

Acid + Metal Carbonate ——>

Answer 14

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Question 15

Acid + Base —–>

Answer 15

Salt + Water

Question 16

Sulfuric acid produces what type of salts?

Answer 16

Sulfates

Question 17

Nitrate salts are produced by what acid?

Answer 17

Nitric Acid

Question 18

Chloride salt are produced by what acid?

Answer 18

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 19

Electrolysis

Answer 19

Passing a direct current through an electrolyte to decompose it.

Question 20

Decomposed

Answer 20

Large molecules broken down into smaller ones

Question 21

Electrolytes

Answer 21

A liquid which conducts the electric current and is decomposed by it

Question 22

Test for chlorine

Answer 22

Damp blue litmus paper will turn red and then white as it is bleached

Question 23

3 uses of chlorine

Answer 23

Treat our water supply killing microorganisms. Manufacture of bleach and other cleaning products. Manufacture of plastics (e.g. PVC)

Question 24

Test for Hydrogen

Answer 24

‘Squeaky Pop’ test. Hydrogen in the presence of a lighted splint will cause a squeaky pop.

Question 25

Test for Oxygen

Answer 25

Glowing Splint test. Blow a lit splint out so that the splint remain glowing, place this in the mouth of a test tube containing the gas to be tested. Oxygen will cause the splint to relight.

Question 26

Ore

Answer 26

Rock from which a metal can be extracted for a profit

Question 27

What metal does the ore Bauxite contain?

Answer 27

Aluminium

Question 28

What metal does the ore Cinnabar contain?

Answer 28

Mercury

Question 29

What metal does the ore Galena contain?

Answer 29

Lead

Question 30

What metal does the ore Haematite contain?

Answer 30

Iron

Question 31

What metal does the ore Malachite contain

Answer 31

Copper

Question 32

Extraction

Answer 32

Reaction in which metal is produced from a compound in an ore

Question 33

Reactivity Series

Answer 33

A list of metals arranged in order of reactivity

Question 34

Reduction

Answer 34

Occurs when oxygen is removed from a compound

Question 35

Corrosion

Answer 35

Occurs when a metal is converted to its oxides by the action of moist air

Question 36

Rusting

Answer 36

The corrosion of iron to form iron oxides

Question 37

Oxidation

Answer 37

Occurs when oxygen is added to an element or compound

Question 38

Recycle

Answer 38

To extract a material from waste so that it can be reused or processed to make a new object or material

Question 39

Electrical Conductor

Answer 39

Allows electricity to pass through material

Question 40

Malleable

Answer 40

Can be hammered into shape

Question 41

Ductile

Answer 41

Can be stretched into wires

Question 42

Density

Answer 42

The mass of a substance per unit volume; the unit is usually g/cm3

Question 43

Alloy

Answer 43

Mixture of metals

Question 44

Alloy Steels

Answer 44

An alloy of iron with other metals

Question 45

H - Carats

Answer 45

A measure of the purity of gold, with pure gold being 24 carat

Question 46

H - Fineness

Answer 46

A measure of the purity of gold in parts per thousand with pure gold having a fineness of 1000

Question 47

H - Smart Material

Answer 47

A material with a property that changes with a change in conditions

Question 48

H - Shape Memory Alloy

Answer 48

An alloy that returns to its original shape with a change in conditions, often temperature

Question 49

H - Nitinol

Answer 49

An example of shape memory alloy of nickel and titanium. Used to repair collapsed arteries and in flexible spectacle frames

Question 50

Stainless Steel

Answer 50

An alloy of Iron, chromium and nickel