Topic 1 - Intro to WebDev

Question 1

5 Core features of the Web (WWW)

Answer 1

1. A URL to uniquely identify a resource on the WWW
2. The HTTP protocol to describe how requests and operate
3. A software program (later called web sever software) that can respond to HTTP requests
4. HTML to publish documents
5. A program (later called a browser) to make HTTP requests from URLs & that can display the HTML it receives

Question 2

What is a WWW

Answer 2

a subset of the internet

Question 3

What is circuit switching?

Answer 3

establishes an actual physical connection between 2 people through a series of physical switches

Question 4

What is packet switching

Answer 4

…

Question 5

Pros/Cons of Circuit Switching

Answer 5

Cons:

• wastes bandwidth
• difficult to have multiple convos

Question 6

Pros/Cons of Packet Switching

Answer 6

…

Question 7

What is Arpanet?

Answer 7

A research network created in the 1960s

• used packet switching

Question 8

When did the internet start? and when did it reach a few hundred users?

Answer 8

• 1969

- 1980s

Question 9

** What is TCP/IP **

Answer 9

To promote the growth and unification of the disparate networks a suite of protocols was invented to unify the networks together.

Question 10

What is W3C

Answer 10

the World Wide Web Consortium

• the international standard organization that would oversee the growth of the web

Question 11

What is a static website?

Answer 11

COnsistis only of HTML pages that look identical for all users at all times.

Question 12

What is a dynamic website?

Answer 12

…

Question 13

What is Web 2.0

Answer 13

AN interactive experience where users could contribute and consume web content

A change in the paradigm of how dynamic websites are created

Question 14

** What is the client-server model? **

Answer 14

2 types of actors: clients and servers

Server: a computer agent that is normally active 24/7, listening for queries from any client who make a request

Client: a computer agent that makes requests & receives responses from the server, in the form of response codes, images, text files, & other data

Question 15

** What is the Request-Response Loop **

Answer 15

• within the Client-Server Model

the most basic mechanism on the sever for receiving requests & transmitting data in response

• client initiates a request to the server and gets a response that could include something like an HTML, image, etc

Question 16

** Ask about the 4 layers in “A Layered Architecture” ? ** slide: 24

Answer 16

…

Question 17

What are the Four Layer Network Model

Answer 17

Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Link Layer

Question 18

What is an internet protocol

Answer 18

A set of rules that partners in communication use when they communicate

Question 19

What is the Link Layer

Answer 19

Lowest layer, responsible for physical transmission of raw bits

Question 20

** What is the Internet Layer (IP Layer) **

Answer 20

Establishes connection, routing & addressing

• uses the Internet Protocol
• every device connected to the internet has an IP address

Question 21

IP Addresses: what is IPv4 & IPv6

Answer 21

IPv4: addresses are the original TCP/IP protocol

• 12 nums are used(four 8-bit)

IPv6: a new version

• 16-bit ints are used

Question 22

** What is the Transport Layer (TCP) **

Answer 22

ensures transmissions arrive, in order & without error

Question 23

** What is the Application Layer **

Answer 23

Higher protocols that allow applications to interact w/ transport layer

ex:
- HTTP
-SSH
-FTP
etc

Question 24

What is the DNS

Answer 24

Domain Name System

• pretty much the URL

Question 25

What are the DNS levles

Answer 25

Top (TLD) --> .com 2nd level --> website name 3rd level --> www. 4th level --> stuff b4 www.

Question 26

How are domain names assigned ?

Answer 26

Special organizations or companies called domain name registers manage the registration of domain names

Question 27

Types of TLDs

Answer 27

Generic top-level domains (gTLD) Country code top-level domain (ccTLC)

Question 28

DNS Address Resolution Process

Answer 28

The DNS provides a mechanism for software to discover this numeric IP address

Question 29

what does URL stand for and what're its Components

Answer 29

Uniform Resource Locator http://www.funwebdev.com/index.php?page=17#article ``` Protocol: http Domain: www.webname.com Path: index.php Query String: page = 17 Fragment: article ```

Question 30

What is the query string

Answer 30

A way of passing info such as user form input from the client to the server

Question 31

What does HTTP stand for, what is it & what are its request methods

Answer 31

Hypertext transfer Protocol - Request initial HTML page then parses the returned HTML - Request headers? - Response headers?

Question 32

Maybe anther HTTP q

Answer 32

...

Question 33

What is a web server?

Answer 33

at a fundamental level, nothing more than a computer that responds to HTTP requests

Question 34

What is a web stack?

Answer 34

...

Question 35

What is LAMP

Answer 35

Linux operating system Apache web server MySQL database PHP scripting language