Topic 1 - Lifestyle, Health, & Risk Flashcards
What do cardiovascular diseases affect?
Heart and circulation.
When does a stroke occur?
When the blood flow to the brain is restricted or blocked.
Which kinds of animals have a double circulatory system?
Birds and mammals.
What is the main feature of a double circulatory system?
Blood flows through the heart twice in one cycle.
Which vessels does blood use to enter the heart from the body?
Superior and inferior vena cava.
Which blood vessel sends oxygenated blood to the body?
Aorta.
Which protein is found in both vein and artery walls?
Collagen.
Which type of blood vessel contains valves?
Veins.
Which type of blood vessel contains thicker walls?
Arteries.
What does ‘systole’ refer to?
Contraction of the heart muscles.
What does ‘diastole’ refer to?
Relaxation of the heart muscles.
Why do capillaries have thin walls?
It allows for rapid diffusion.
What is atherosclerosis?
When fatty deposits build up in an artery and block it directly, or increase the chance of a blood clot occurring.
What can damage the endothelium of an artery?
High blood pressure and toxins from cigarette smoke.
Which cells, without nuclei, are used for clotting?
Platelets.
What is angina a symptom of?
Coronary heart disease.
What kind of respiration does the heart perform if it lacks a supply of oxygen?
Anaerobic respiration.
What is an irregular heartbeat known as?
Arrhythmia.
What is an aneurysm?
When an artery has narrowed and blood builds up. The build-up can cause the artery to bulge then burst.
