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Physics: Double Award > Topic 1: Motion > Flashcards

Topic 1: Motion Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

What are the two main sections of physical quantities in physics?

A

Scalars and Vectors

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3
Q

What is required to fully define scalar quantities?

A

Magnitude (size)

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4
Q

What is required to fully define vector quantities?

A

Magnitude and direction

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5
Q

List four examples of scalar quantities.

A
  • Time
  • Mass
  • Temperature
  • Distance
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6
Q

List four examples of vector quantities.

A
  • Displacement
  • Velocity
  • Acceleration
  • Force
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7
Q

True or False: Speed is a scalar quantity.

A

True

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8
Q

What is the key difference between distance and displacement?

A

Distance is a scalar; displacement is a vector.

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9
Q

What is the equation for average speed?

A

Sav = d / t

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10
Q

What is the unit of speed?

A

m/s

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11
Q

What does a steeper line on a distance-time graph indicate?

A

Faster speed

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12
Q

What are the components of stopping distance?

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

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13
Q

What factors affect thinking distance?

A
  • Alcohol
  • Other drugs
  • Tiredness
  • Distractions
  • Speed
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14
Q

What factors affect braking distance?

A
  • Condition of roads
  • Condition of tyres/brakes
  • Speed
  • Mass of car
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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ distance is the distance travelled by the vehicle in the time it takes for the driver to react.

A

thinking

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: Doubling the speed increases the overall stopping distance by about ______ times.

A

four

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17
Q

What is the formula for acceleration?

A

a = (v - u) / t

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18
Q

What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph represent?

A

Constant velocity

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19
Q

What is the area under a velocity-time graph equal to?

20
Q

What is the formula for calculating average speed?

Study These Flashcards
A

Average speed = distance travelled / average time taken

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the distance travelled by the vehicle during the time the braking force acts.

22
Q

What is the significance of the gradient in distance-time graphs?

Study These Flashcards
A

It represents speed.

23
Q

What is the relationship between speed and thinking distance?

Study These Flashcards
A

Higher speed increases thinking distance.

24
Q

What is the relationship between speed and braking distance?

Study These Flashcards
A

Higher speed increases braking distance.

25
What is the effect of mass on braking distance?
Greater mass increases braking distance.
26
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the distance travelled by the vehicle in the time it takes for the driver to react.
thinking
27
What happens to the stopping distance if the driver is distracted?
It increases.
28
What is the term for the distance travelled while the brakes are applied?
Braking distance
29
What is the formula for calculating average velocity?
Average velocity = (initial velocity + final velocity) / 2
30
What does a negative acceleration indicate?
Retardation
31
What is the significance of the area under a speed-time graph?
It represents distance travelled.
32
What is required to calculate speed from a distance-time graph?
Gradient of the graph
33
True or False: The steeper the gradient, the faster the speed.
True
34
Fill in the blank: A car that is stationary will have a ______ graph.
horizontal
35
What is the purpose of measuring the distance between points A and B in a practical experiment?
To calculate average speed
36
What should be done to minimize reaction time errors in experiments?
Repeat timing and calculate average time.
37
What is the effect of the condition of the vehicle on braking distance?
Worn brakes or tyres increase braking distance.
38
If a car is traveling at 10m/s and the driver took 0.5 seconds to react, how far would it travel?
5 meters ## Footnote Distance = speed × time = 10 m/s × 0.5 s = 5 m
39
If a car is traveling at 20m/s with the same reaction time of 0.5 seconds, how far would it travel?
10 meters ## Footnote Distance = speed × time = 20 m/s × 0.5 s = 10 m
40
How does speed affect braking distance?
Higher speed increases braking distance due to greater kinetic energy ## Footnote As speed increases, the distance required to stop also increases significantly because the braking distance is proportional to the square of the speed.
41
What is the relationship between speed, thinking distance, and stopping distance?
As speed increases, both thinking distance and stopping distance increase ## Footnote This can be illustrated in a graph showing a quadratic relationship for stopping distance.
42
How much braking force is needed for a car of mass 850kg to decelerate at a rate of -5m/s²?
4250 N ## Footnote Braking force = mass × deceleration = 850 kg × -5 m/s² = -4250 N.
43
What is the braking force applied if a car with a mass of 600kg has a braking force of 500N?
500 N ## Footnote This is the force being applied to decelerate the vehicle.
44
Assuming a car is traveling at 10m/s and the brakes are applied, how far does the car travel before it stops?
Distance depends on braking force and mass ## Footnote To calculate this, the braking force and deceleration must be considered.
45
A car is traveling at a speed of 12m/s. If it takes the driver 0.4 seconds to react, what distance does the car move in this time?
4.8 meters ## Footnote Distance = speed × time = 12 m/s × 0.4 s = 4.8 m.
46
If the same driver with the same reaction time was traveling at 16m/s, how far would the car travel while reacting?
6.4 meters ## Footnote Distance = speed × time = 16 m/s × 0.4 s = 6.4 m.

Physics: Double Award (5 decks)

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