Topic 1 - States Of Matter Flashcards Preview

Grace Chemistry IGCSE > Topic 1 - States Of Matter > Flashcards

Flashcards in Topic 1 - States Of Matter Deck (11)
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1
Q

Describe a solid

A
  • regular, lattice structure
  • vibrating in position
  • strong attractive forces
2
Q

Describe a liquid

A
  • irregular, close together
  • slip past each other
  • quite weak attractive forces
3
Q

Describe a gas

A
  • irregular, far apart
  • move in random directions
  • very weak attractive forces
4
Q

What is temperature?

A

A measure of how much energy the particles in a substance have

5
Q

Name the changes of states of matter

A
Solid -> Liquid = melting
Solid -> Gas = subliming
Liquid -> Gas = boiling 
Liquid -> Solid = freezing
Gas -> Solid = deposition
Gas -> Liquid = condensing
6
Q

define diffusion

A

The tendency of particles to spread out

7
Q

What affects the rate of diffusion?

A
  • higher temperature means faster diffusion

* greater mass means slower diffusion

8
Q

What happens to the colour of a diffusing substance?

A

It becomes paler

9
Q

Describe the ammonia diffusing practical

A

Description: one side there is wool soaked in HCl, the other side there is wool soaked in NH3. Both substances diffuse and a white smoke forms closer to the HCl because it is heavier than NH3 and therefore diffuses slower
Equation: HCl + NH3 -> NH4Cl

10
Q

Describe the potassium manganate (VII) diffusing practical

A

Potassium manganate (VII) is used because it is bright purple

If you take a beaker if water and place some potassium manganate (VII) at the bottom, the purple colour slowly spreads out to fill the beaker

This shows the random motion of particles in a liquid the causes the purple colour to eventually be evenly spread out throughout the water

This can be diluted

11
Q

Describe the bromine gas diffusion practical

A
  • bromine gas is brown and strongly smelling
  • fill half a glass jar with bromine gas, and the other half with air. Separate the gases with a glass plate
  • when you remove the glass plate, you’ll see the brown bromine gas slowly diffusing through the air
  • the random motion of the particles means that the bromine will eventually diffuse right through the air