topic 1.4 Flashcards
(28 cards)
How do nutrients enter the roots of plants?
passively or actively.
How does passive uptake of nutrients work, and why doesn’t it require energy?
Passive uptake does NOT require the plant to use any energy. It occurs through a process called diffusion.
what is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
how does diffusion work in plants?
They move from the area of higher concentration outside the roots to the area of lower concentration within the roots. The movement continues until the concentration of nutrients is the same both inside and outside the plant roots.
why does this proccess not take any energy
No energy is required for this process because the molecules naturally diffuse to the areas of lower concentration.
How does water move into plant roots?
by a special type of diffusion, called osmosis.
how does osmosis work
In the process of osmosis, water moves through the walls of the plant’s roots from an area where there are more water molecules to an area where there are fewer water molecules.
how do plants get water using osmosis
As the plant uses water for its growth and maintenance, it draws water up from the roots.
As the number of water molecules within the roots decreases, more water molecules move into the roots from the surrounding soil.
How do the nutrient concentrations in plant roots compare to the concentrations in the surrounding soil?
Plants need high concentrations of some nutrients in their roots. The concentrations of these nutrients may be higher in the roots than in the water in the surrounding soil.
What process do plants use to move nutrients from the soil into their roots when the concentration is lower in the soil?
To move nutrients in this direction, plants use a process called active transport.
How does active transport differ from passive processes like diffusion?
In active transport, plants must use energy to move the molecules of nutrients in the direction opposite to diffusion.
Can you explain how active transport supports the plant’s ability to acquire nutrients from the soil?
This energy is used by specific molecules in the root cells that transport the nutrient molecules into the plant roots.
What is the process of taking food into our bodies called?
indegestion
Why must most ingested food be broken down into smaller particles?
So your body can absorb the nutrients from it.
How do humans and other animals break down food?
mechanically and chemically
What is an example of mechanical breakdown in the digestive process?
chewing food
when or where does chemical breakdown occur
Chemical breakdown occurs in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine with the help of enzymes that speed up the chemical reactions.
The breakdown or digestion of large organic molecules occurs by a process called
hydrolysis, which is said to be hydrolyzed.
what is tundra ecosystem and how do plants grow
The treeless, flat areas of the north are called tundra. Only a few centimetres of the ground thaw in the tundra in the summer. Plants must grow and reproduce quickly when the temperature is favourable and nutrients are available.
what are lichens made up of?
L Lichens are made up of fungi and algae living together.
whats the first organisim to colonize a area
Lichens are often the first organisms to colonize an area.
where are lichens found?
They have been found in cold, dry valleys in Antarctica, as well as on bare rocks high in the mountains.
all about desert soil and how plants live there
Desert soil does not hold water well and contains little organic material. Plants and animals in deserts are adapted to going for long periods without water.
What is a substrate, and what role does it play in an organism’s life?
A substrate is the material on which an organism moves or lives.
Some organisms are attached to their substrate.
