Topic 2

Question 1

What two types of elements form ionic bonds?

Answer 1

Metal and non metal

Question 2

What forces are in ionic bonds?

Answer 2

Electrostatic forces

Question 3

How are ionic bonds made?

Answer 3

When a metal and non metal react the metal forms a positive ion and the non metal form a negative ion which attract together with electrostatic forces

Question 4

How are ionic compounds drawn?

Answer 4

With a dot and cross diagram

Question 5

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 5

A giant structure of ions arranged in a lattice arrangement

Question 6

In a ionic compound in which direction does the electrostatic force act?

Answer 6

In all directions

Question 7

What are properties of an ionic compound

Answer 7

High melting and boiling point due to strong bonds that take lots of energy to overcome
Can only conduct in solution or liquid

Question 8

What are the limitations of a dot and cross diagram?

Answer 8

Unruly to not show the structure, size or arrangement of ions

Question 9

What two types of material form a covalent bond?

Answer 9

A non metal and non metal form a covalent bond

Question 10

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 10

A covalent bond is two non metals that share electrons

Question 11

What three substances can covalent bonds form?

Answer 11

Simple molecular structures
Polymers
Giant covalent structures

Question 12

What is a simple molecular structure?

Answer 12

Made of molecules containing only a few atoms
O2 n2
CH4

Question 13

What are some properties of a simple molecular structure?

Answer 13

Very strong covalent bonds
Weak forces of attraction so small melting and boiling points
Non conductive

Question 14

What is a polymer?

Answer 14

Lots of small monomers bonded together in the process of polymerisation

Question 15

What is a giant covalent structure?

Answer 15

Are large molecules where all atoms are bonded o each Tiber by strong covalent bonds

Question 16

What are some properties of giant covalent structures?

Answer 16

Hugh melting and boiling points because of strong covalent bonds
Don’t conduct

Question 17

Properties of pure metals

Answer 17

Pure metals can be bent and shaped as the atoms are arranged in layers

Question 18

Properties of alloys

Answer 18

Harder than pure metals.
Harder to shape as different sized atoms prevent distortion of layers in the structure

Question 19

What is metallic bonding

Answer 19

Metallic bonding happens between two metals
Electrons in the outer shell are delocalised and shared - they are free to move around so they can conduct

Question 20

Explain the structure and bonding of diamonds

Answer 20

Each Carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
Giant covalent structure
Diamond is hard, high melting point, doesn’t conduct

Question 21

Explain the structure and properties of graphite

Answer 21

Each carbon atom forms three covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
Forming layers of hexagonal rings, one electrons from each carbon is delocalised
Graphite can conduct electricity
Soft as layers can slide over eachother

Question 22

Explain the structure and properties of graphene

Answer 22

Graphene is a single layer of graphite
Really strong with a high melting point
Can conduct and is useful in electronics

Question 23

What is an allotrope?

Answer 23

Different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state

Question 24

What is the structure and properties of a fullerene?

Answer 24

Molecules of Carbon atoms with hollow shapes
Useful in medicine

Question 25

What is Nanoscience?

Answer 25

Nanoscience is the science of structures 1-100nm in size

Question 26

What is the size of all the particles?

Answer 26

Nano particles - diameter between 1-100nm
Fine particles - diameter between 100-2500nm
Coarse particles - dust

Question 27

What are some uses of nano particles?

Answer 27

In medicine, electronics, cosmetics, catalysts

Question 28

What are some issues on nano particles?

Answer 28

Unknown effects on body
Relatively knew
Could effect body and environment