Topic 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is a pure substance?
A material that contains only one kind of particle
Ex: gold metal, copper wire, sugar, saltI hydrogen gas,diamond
What is a properties?
Characteristics that describe matter
Ex: length, color, density, mass, elasticity I pressure, volume, luster
Definition of pure substances?
Pure substances are made of one type d particle - either an element or a compound
Examples of elements and compounds
Elements: iron, gold, copper,nitrogen
Compounds: water (H20), salt (NaCl), sugar
(C 12 H 22 O 11)
Definition of mixtures?
Mixtures contain 2 or more pure substances. They can be classifiedas homogeneous or heterogeneous
What are homogeneous mixtures?
These mixtures are blended so thoroughly that the particle of each substance are completely intermingled
Homogeneous examples!
Ex: coffee, air, paint
What is solutions (homogeneous)?
Solutions: a homogeneous mixture of two or more pure
substances that do not settle when mixed together. The particles
What are heterogeneous mixtures?
Heterogenous Mixtures: are mixtures that contain two or more materials that are still visible.
Examples of heterogeneous mixtures.
Ex:Cereal, soil, cookie dough
Suspension
Suspension: a heterogeneous mixture in which the particles settle slowly after mixing. Suspended particles are large enough to be trapped by most fine filters.
EX: Tea leaves in water , Pulp in juice, sand in water
Colloid
Colloid: a heterogeneous mixture in which the particles do not settle. The particles are small enough to pass through most common filters, and you can see the differentiated parts at a microscopic level.
Ex: milk, blood, ice cream
Emulsions
Emulsions: An emulsion is when two liquids that do not normally mix (such as oil and water) are mixed together with an emulsifying agent that holds the particles together.
Ex: mayonnaise, cosmetic Foundation
Mechanical mixtures
Mechanical Mixtures: mixtures that are obviously heterogeneous. It is very easy to see the separate parts.
Ex: cereal
Dissolving
Dissolving: means to mix a solid substance completely with a liquid so that it becomes part of the liquid.
Difference between solute and solvent!
Solute: the solid substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
Solvent: the substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution.
3s
Solute+solvent = solution
Soluble
Soluble: means able to be dissolves In a particular solvent
Ex: sugar is soluble in water
Salt is soluble in water
Carbon dioxide is soluble in water
The universal solvent
Water is the “universal solvent” because it can dissolve so many materials.
Rate of dissolving?
Rate of Dissolving: how quickly the solute dissolves completely into the solvent.
Factors of rate of dissolving
1 temperature
2 agitation
3 molecule size
