Topic 2

Question 1

Law of Large Numbers

Answer 1

As the number of observations increases, the proportion of occurrences of a specific outcome approaches the actual probability p of that outcome

Question 2

Disjoint Outcomes

Answer 2

Mutually exclusive / can’t happen at same time

Question 3

Sample Space

Answer 3

The collection of all the possible outcomes of a random experiment.

Question 4

Complementary Events

Answer 4

Mutually exclusive events whose probability adds up to 1

Question 5

Independent probabilities

Answer 5

Knowing the outcome of one provides no information about the other (coin flip)

Question 6

Multiplication Rule for Independent Events

Answer 6

P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)

Question 7

Conditional Probability

Answer 7

One event impacts the probability of another (drawing cards) P(𝐴 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐵)=P(A)×P(B|A)

Question 8

Test Sensitivity

Answer 8

Percentage of correct predictions

Question 9

Test Specificity

Answer 9

1 - false positive rate

Question 10

Bayes Theorem

Answer 10

P 𝐴1 𝐵 =
P 𝐵 𝐴1)𝑃(𝐴1) /
P 𝐵 𝐴1)𝑃 𝐴1 + P 𝐵 𝐴2)𝑃 𝐴2 + ⋯ + P 𝐵 𝐴𝑘 )𝑃(𝐴𝑘 )