Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Unit 1 AS > Topic 2-Cell Structure > Flashcards

Topic 2-Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Function of SER

A

Synthesis and transport of lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of RER

A

Transport system for proteins and ribosomes along its length used for protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of cellulose cell wall

A

Provides strength and supper allows movement of water and prevents the cell from bursting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Function Of vacuoles in plants

A

Storage site for glucose u organic ions and metabolic wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function of chloroplasts

A

Site of photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Site of aerobic respiration which produces ATP energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a tissue

A

Group of cells with a similar structure that work together to perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an organ system

A

Two or more organs working together to perform a life function
Eg digestive system or repository system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is it important that the cristae gives the mitochondria a large internal surface area

A

To provide a large surface area for ATP synthesis to occur on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the organelles in a eukaryote cell that has a double membrane

A

Nucleus mitochondria and chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three types of animal cells

A

Epithelial tissue, muscle and connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give two examples of plant tissue

A

Xylem and phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give examples of animal organs

A

Heart and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give examples of plant organs

A

Roots and leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the photosynthetic pigment in the thylakoid called

A

Chlorophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are ribosomes made up of

A

Proteins and rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the nucleus

A

Contains the cells DNA which provides the code for the synthesis of proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the nuclear pores

A

Allow the mRNA to transport out of the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the function of the nucleolus

A

Produces ribosomal RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe the differences in between ribosomes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

A

In eukaryotes the ribosomes can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplaamic reticulum, in prokaryotes there is only free ribosomes present
Ribosomes are larger in eukaryotes and far smaller in prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How can mitochondria differ from one another in photos

A

They are cut at different angles

22
Q

How does the mitochondria provide evidence for cell theory

A

The michdonrial DNA is evidence that the mitochondria may have once been free living and they were ingested by the ancestors of eukaryote cells

23
Q

What are too similarities between prokaryotes and mitochondria

A

Free ribosomes and DNA

24
Q

What is the interior area of a mitochondria called that is similar to a cytoplasm

25
Describe the structure of mitochondria
Has a double membrane which consists of an outer inter and inner membrane. The inner membrane is folded to form cristae
26
What is the importance of cristae on mitochondria
The folds increase the surface area on which ATP synthesis can occur
27
Draw the mitochondria
Draw and check
28
How dos the rough endoplasmic reticulum differ from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes along its length , smooth does not
29
What is the function of a ribosome
Important of the synthesis of proteins, the two subunits of the ribosome come together around a strand of mRNA which fits the mRNA into the groove
30
What is the Golgi body
A stack of flattened membranous sacks
31
What is the function of the Golgi body
Modifying and packaging proteins to be exported from the cell
32
What is in the matrix of the mithcindria
Ribosomes and DNA
33
Draw a ribosome
Draw
34
What is the function of a lysosomes
Break down worn out organelles and to digest the material taken in by phagocytosis
35
Describe the action of a lysosomes
The material, is taken into the cell and trapped in the vacuole The lysosomes fuse with the membrane of the vacuole and release their digestive enzymes into the vacuole The digestive enzymes break down the material
36
Function of centrioles
Small cylinders that separate from each other in the early days of mitosis to form the spindle fibres
37
Describe the structure of a chloroplast
Large organelles with a double membrane, inside is a cytoplasm like material called the strorma within this there are many membrane bound components called thylakoids which contain the pigment chlorophyll. Thylakoids form sacks called granum which are linked by lamellae and the storma also contains starch grains and ribosomes
38
Draw a chloroplast
Draw
39
What is the photosynthetic pigment in the thylakoids called
Chlorophyll
40
What does the cell wall in plants consist of
Cellulose
41
What are the pores called in a plant cell wall
Plasmodesmata
42
What is the function of the Plasmodesmata
Allow the cytoplasm of neighbouring cells to connect, enabling substances to pass between the cells
43
What is the vacuole of a plant used for
Used for storage and support the cell
44
Draw a bacterium cell
Draw it
45
What is prokaryote
Single cell end organism that has no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
46
What is the importance of a Mesosome on the prokaryotic cell
The infolding increases the surface area for respiration and other chemical reactions to occur
47
What is the cell wall made of in a prokaryotes
Murein (peptidoglcan)
48
Do prokaryotes have ribosomes
Yes prokaryote cells have ribosomes but they are significantly smaller than in eukaryotes
49
How do you calculate magnification
Magnification is image size divided by actual size
50
What is the function of the flagellum
Allowed the cell to move
51
In eukaryotes where is the DNA
The nucleus
52
Why is it important that eukaryotes are internally divided by membranes
It provides a surface to which the enzyme can attach and on which chemical reactions can occur Keeps potentially harmful chemicals or enzymes contained stopping them from damaging or breaking down the structures in the cell Acts as a transport system

Biology Unit 1 AS (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions