Topic 2 Organisation Flashcards
Where is amylase protease and lipase produced?
Amylase: Pancreases and salivary gland
Protease:Stomach pancreas
Lipase:pancreas
Where does amylase protease and lipase act?
Amylase:Mouth and small intestine
Protease:Stomach and small intestine
Lipase:small intestine
What are the 3 plant defenses and examples of these?
Chemical: Poisons to deter herbivores, antibacterial chemicals
Mechanical:Thorn and hairs to deter animals, leaves which droop or curl when touched, mimicry
Physical:Layer of dead cells around stems such as bark which fall off, tough waxy cuticle on leaves, cellulose cell wall walls
What’s the value of the natural resting heart rate?
70 beats per minute
What are capillaries adapted for their function?
Enable transfer of substances between the blood and tissues
Walls are one cell thick for short diffusion pathway
Permeable walls to substances can diffuse across
Narrow lumen blood moves slowly
Advantages and disadvantages of stents
Adv:Quick to insert without anaestetic, quick recovery time, lowers heart attack risk
Dis:Risk of infection and risk of blood clots at stent
Advantages and disadvantages of statins
Adv:Reduce risk of strokes, increase level of good cholesterol
Dis:Have to be taken continuously, may have side effects
Consequences of leaky heart valves
Blood flows in wrong direction causing heart to be less efficient.Patients may become breathless and could die
Pros and cons of mechanical valves
Pros:Last for a long time
Cons: need to take medication to prevent blood clotting around valve
Pros and cons of biological heart valves
Pros: work very well
Cons: only last a certain amount of years
Pros and cons of biological heart valves
Pros: work very well
Cons: only last a certain amount of years
Pros and cons of artificial hearts
Pros:Less likely to be rejected, allows damages heart to rest to help recovery
Cons:Risk of infection during surgery, risk of blood clots, have to take blood thinning drugs
What is benign tumor
Contained in one location usually within a membrane
Not cancerous so don’t invade other body parts
Can grow large quickly
What is a malignant tumour?
A tumour that can spread around the body via the blood and can invade other tissues. Divide rapidly with longer lifespan, disrupts health issues and could lead to death
What is transpiration?
The evaporation of water vapour from the surface of a plant
