Topic 4 Bioenergetics

Question 1

Examples of metabolism

Answer 1

-Respiration
-Conversion of glucose to starch, cellulose and glycogen
-Formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids
-Glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which are used in protein synthesis
-Breakdown of excess proteins into urea for excretion

Question 2

Leaf adaptations that maximize the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 2

Broad leaves for bigger surface area
Thin leaves for short diffusion pathway
Chlorophyll to absorb light energy
Air spaces to allow gases to enter and leave
Guard cells to control opening of stomata for gas exchange and prevent water loss

Question 3

Why is anaerobic respiration less efficient than aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

Glucose is not completely broken down so less energy is transferred

Question 4

Equation for fermentation

Answer 4

Glucose—>ethanol + carbon dioxide