Topic 2- Organisation Keywords

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Protein with an active site of a specific shape which speeds up reactions

Question 2

Carbohydrase

Answer 2

Enzymes that break down carbohydrates into simple sugars

Question 3

Amylase

Answer 3

A carbohydrase enzyme that breaks down starch into simple sugars

Question 4

Protease

Answer 4

An enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 5

Lipase

Answer 5

An enzyme that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

Fats and oils

Question 7

Bile

Answer 7

Alkaline substance produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. It neutralises stomach acid and breaks down fats into small droplets

Question 8

Emulsify

Answer 8

Break down into small droplets

Question 9

Xylem

Answer 9

Plant tissue that transports WATER and dissolved mineral ions UP the plant

Question 10

Phloem

Answer 10

Plant tissue that transports SUGARS UP and DOWN a plant

Question 11

Meristem

Answer 11

Plant tissue found in the growing tips of roots and shoots

Question 12

Stomata

Answer 12

Small holes underneath the leaf to allow gases to move in and out of the leaf

Question 13

Guard cells

Answer 13

Cells that open and close the stomata to reduce water loss

Question 14

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 14

Layer of cells in the leaf that allow gases to exchange

Question 15

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 15

Layer of cells in the leaf that contain lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 16

Epidermal tissues

Answer 16

Layers of cells at the top of the leaf and the bottom of the leaf

Question 17

Aorta

Answer 17

Major artery that carries OXYGENATED blood from the heart to the body cells

Question 18

Vena cava

Answer 18

Major vein that carries DEOXYGENATED blood from the body cells to the heart

Question 19

Pulmonary artery

Answer 19

Major artery that carries DEOXYGENATED blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen

Question 20

Pulmonary vein

Answer 20

Major vein that carries OXYGENATED blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 21

Valves

Answer 21

Stop blood flowing backwards

Question 22

Artery

Answer 22

Blood vessel that carries blood AWAY from the heart

Question 23

Vein

Answer 23

Blood vessel that carries blood INTO the heart

Question 24

Capillary

Answer 24

Blood vessels that transport blood deep into the tissues to deliver oxygen and glucose

Question 25

Coronary heart disease (CHD)

Answer 25

Layers of fatty material built up in the coronary arteries, narrowing them, reducing blood flow

Question 26

Stents

Answer 26

Used to keep the coronary arteries open

Question 27

Statins

Answer 27

Drugs to reduce blood cholesterol

Question 28

Risk factor

Answer 28

Linked to an increased rate of a disease

Question 29

Benign tumour

Answer 29

Growths of abnormal cells which are contained in one area

Question 30

Malignant tumour

Answer 30

Cancers that invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body