Topic 2 - (respiration/breathing)

Question 1

What are the 2 different types of respiration?

Answer 1

Aerobic and anaerobic

Question 2

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 2

Respiration that uses oxygen

Question 3

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 4

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 4

In the mitochondria

Question 5

Why do we need respiration?

Answer 5

To release energy for…?

• reproduction
• building molecules
• movement

Question 6

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 6

Respiration without oxygen

Question 7

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in HUMANS?

Answer 7

Glucose - lactic acid + energy

Question 8

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in YEAST?

Answer 8

Glucose - Carbon Dioxide + alcohol (ethanol)

Question 9

Which type of respiration is more efficient/ releases more energy quicker?

Answer 9

Aerobic

Question 10

When does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 10

When the body can’t get enough oxygen so it has to take energy from glucose and give it to your cells

Question 11

What builds up in anaerobic respiration in humans, and can be painful?

Answer 11

Lactic acid

Question 12

What is the process of alcohol being produced in anaerobic respiration called?

Answer 12

Fermentation

Question 13

List 3 similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration:

Answer 13

1) both require glucose
2) both work together to release energy
3) both types of cellular respiration

Question 14

List 3 differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration:

Answer 14

1) Aerobic needs oxygen to take place, anaerobic doesn’t
2) aerobic releases more energy than anaerobic
3) anaerobic respiration takes place in the cytoplasm unlike aerobic which takes place in the mitochondria

Question 15

Where does anaerobic respiration take place?

Answer 15

Cytoplasm

Question 16

Why might you need to respire anaerobically in some sports? And which sports?

Answer 16

Because when you exercise in short energetic bursts in sports like SPRINTING and WEIGHTLIFTING, you can’t get the amount of oxygen your body needs to respire aerobically, so you have to respire anaerobically (without oxygen)

Question 17

What is oxygen debt and when does it happen?

Answer 17

Oxygen debt is the oxygen in your body that you use to get rid of the lactic acid that was produced during anaerobic respiration.

Question 18

Why might you be breathing deeply after exercise?

Answer 18

So your body can quickly replace the oxygen from your oxygen debt

Question 19

Which sports require aerobic respiration?

Answer 19

• jogging

- long distance swimming

Question 20

What is gas exchange?

Answer 20

The process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanging in the alveoli

Question 21

Oxygen passes from the …….. into the ………

Answer 21

Alveoli

Blood

Question 22

Carbon dioxide passes from the …….. into the ………

Answer 22

Blood

Alveoli

Question 23

What is diffusion in gas exchange?

Answer 23

The spreading out of oxygen and carbon dioxide particles between the walls of the alveoli

Question 24

What is the waste product of respiration?

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide

Question 25

List 3 ways in which the lungs are well adapted for gas exchange:

Answer 25

1) they are moist 2) they have alveoli which have a large surface area and capillaries 3) they have a good blood supply

Question 26

What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

Answer 26

BREATHING is the mechanism of getting gases in and out of your body, but respiration is the actual chemical reaction, using the gases breathed in

Question 27

What happens when you breathe in?

Answer 27

- diaphragm CONTRACTS and FLATTENS - intercostal muscles CONTRACT, moving the rib cage UP and OUT. - volume INCREASES and pressure DECREASES - Air rushes IN

Question 28

What happens when you breathe out?

Answer 28

- diaphragm RELAXES and moves UP - intercostal muscles RELAX, moving the rib cage DOWN and IN. - volume DECREASES and pressure INCREASES - Air rushes OUT

Question 29

What is lung volume and what is it measured in?

Answer 29

the total amount of air in your lungs | Measured in cm3

Question 30

1cm3 = ?

Answer 30

1ML

Question 31

What factors can affect lung volume?

Answer 31

- height - age - weight

Question 32

How can lung volume be measured?

Answer 32

Using a Spirogram

Question 33

What factors can affect your respiratory and breathing system?

Answer 33

- exercise - asthma - smoking

Question 34

what is the chemical reaction in plants that has a product of carbon dioxide?

Answer 34

Respiration (aerobic)