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HUMV2000 - Biomechanics > Topic 3 > Flashcards

Topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Advantages of quantitative analysis

A
  • measures magnitude
  • detects small changes
  • objective feedback
  • detailed information
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2
Q

Disadvantages of quantitative analysis

A
  • expensive
  • needs well trained operators
  • mathematical
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3
Q

Advantages of qualitative analysis

A
  • freely available
  • quick, easy, simple
  • cheap
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4
Q

Disadvantages of qualitative analysis

A
  • requires good background knowledge/experience
  • subjective
  • difficult to track improvement
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5
Q

Steps in qualitative anlalysis

A
  1. focus attention on the sequence of movement events
  2. identifies & directs attention to the most significant aspects of a particular skill/movement sequence
  3. identifies elements of the movement for instruction and feedback
  4. evaluating development of movement and assessing performance over time
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6
Q

Skill - Nature

A

skill, movement pattern, constraints, style, technique

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7
Q

Skill - type

A

open, closed, discrete, continuous, serial, constraints

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8
Q

movement pattern

A

general series of anatomical movements that have common elements of spatial configuration

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9
Q

skill

A

a general movement pattern is adapted to the constraints of a particular task/sport
e.g. tennis backhand

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10
Q

technique

A

a particular type of the same skill
e.g. tennis backhand with topspin or backspin

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11
Q

style

A

individual adaptations to a technique
e.g. knee bend during a backhand

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12
Q

constraints

A

event limitations = physical boundaries, and rules concerning uniform/equipment/environment
performer limitations = anthropometrics, skill level, muscular strength/power/endurance/flexability

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13
Q

closed skill

A

performed in a predictable environment
free to execute the skill without making quick decisions due to unexpected changes
easiest skill to learn

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14
Q

open skill

A

skill is performed in and in response to an unpredictable and changing environment

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15
Q

discrete skill

A

defined beginning and end, can be divided into seperate phases

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16
Q

continuous skill

A

no defined beginning and end, repeated cycles of same movement

17
Q

serial skill

A

discrete skills performed in a series

18
Q

phases of a discrete skill

A
  1. preparation 2. execution 3. recovery/follow through
19
Q

steps in analysisng movement

A
  1. preparation - what to observe
  2. observation - the performance
  3. evaluation - detect faults/weaknesses
  4. intervention - correct the performance
20
Q

preparation phase you need:

A

knowledge of: normal movement, biomechanics, motor control, performer (anthropometry, genetics, age, weight, injury history), environment (where the skill will be performed, what environmental factors influence performance)
sources of info: professional experience (coaches, anecdotal), expert opinion (journal articles, websites).

21
Q

preparation phase steps

A
  1. identify overall performance objective (OPO)/goal of skill
  2. divide skills into discrete parts
  3. identify the mechanical purpose (MP) of each discrete part to achieve the OPO
  4. list the biomechanical factors (BF) of each discrete part to enable the accomplishment of the MP
  5. list the critical features (CF) - movements to be performed to achieve the BF
22
Q

vantage point in observation

A

angle/plane of view, location of sun, distance from activity, height of observation.

23
Q

The sampling theorom

A

when recording, the sampling frequency must be at least twice as high as the highest frequency of the movement

24
Q

other things to remeber for observations

A

deidentify performer (e.g. trial ID), subject preparation (joint markers, measurements, tight clothing, clutter-free background), scaling reference for displacement/velocity/acceleration

25
Q

evaluation

A

judgment of quality, assess good/bad points, critique against normal/elite performance, refer to BF & CF, cause of error?

26
Q

Intervention

A

reliability of info, selection of most appropriate intervention, clearly differentiate good/bad performance, info at the appropriate time and is easily absorbable, rapidity of feedback is critical

27
Q

feedback

A

don’t overload performer (1 cue at time, easiest corrections first), then reassess movement after feedback

28
Q

methods of feedback

A

visual (demo, pics, video), exaggerate the demonstrations, task modification, manual/mechanical guidance, conditioning (flexibility/strength issue?)

HUMV2000 - Biomechanics (7 decks)

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