TOPIC 3

Question 1

What is disaster risk?

Answer 1

The danger of death or physical injury, loss of home, possessions, and community due to disasters.

Question 2

What types of events can be classified as disasters?

Answer 2

Explosions, earthquakes, floods, typhoons, tornados, and fires.

Question 3

What are common stress reactions after a disaster?

Answer 3

They resemble reactions seen after any type of trauma, including a full range of physical and mental reactions.

Question 4

What factors can lead to more severe stress reactions after disasters?

Answer 4

• Severity of exposure
• Gender and family
• Age
• Social support
• Other specific factors

Question 5

Who is at the highest risk for lasting mental health problems after a disaster?

Answer 5

Those who have gone through the disaster themselves.

Question 6

How does gender affect stress reactions after disasters?

Answer 6

Women or girls usually suffer more negative effects than men or boys.

Question 7

What age group is likely to be more distressed after disasters?

Answer 7

Adults aged 40-60.

Question 8

What is a resilience factor that can aid recovery after disasters?

Answer 8

• Social support
• Coping confidence
• Hope

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The severity of exposure to a disaster is ______ related to the risk of mental problems.

Answer 9

highly

Question 10

True or False: Children generally show less severe distress after disasters compared to adults.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What role does social support play in disaster recovery?

Answer 11

It can provide practical help, increase well-being, and limit distress after mass trauma.

Question 12

What can negatively affect social support after a disaster?

Answer 12

Stress and the need for support network members to focus on their own lives.

Question 13

What is coping confidence?

Answer 13

Believing that you can cope with the results of a disaster.

Question 14

Which factors can worsen recovery after a disaster?

Answer 14

• Poor self-esteem
• Lack of control over events
• Dealing with other stressors
• No prior experience with disasters

Question 15

What is the relationship between social support and long-term distress in trauma survivors?

Answer 15

Negative social support responses are strongly linked to long-term distress.

Question 16

What does human resilience suggest about disaster survivors?

Answer 16

Most survivors will naturally recover over time without severe, long-lasting mental health issues.

Question 17

List the factors that increase resilience after disasters.

Answer 17

• Social support
• Coping confidence
• Hope

Question 18

What type of support can lead to better mental health outcomes for disaster survivors?

Answer 18

Coping self-efficacy - believing that you can handle the outcomes.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Disasters occurring in ______ countries tend to have a more severe mental health impact.

Answer 19

developing

Question 20

What can serve as distressing reminders of the disaster within families?

Answer 20

Family members who went through different experiences during the disaster.

Question 21

What is one positive outcome of experiencing a disaster?

Answer 21

Survivors may re-think what is truly important and appreciate what they value most in life.

Question 22

What are the primary factors that lead to mental health problems?

Answer 22

Injury and life threat

These factors often result in increased mental health issues following traumatic events.

Question 23

What factor worsens recovery if the individual was not functioning well before the disaster?

Answer 23

Pre-existing poor functioning

Individuals with prior mental health issues may struggle more after a disaster.

Question 24

Name a factor that can worsen recovery from a disaster.

Answer 24

Lack of experience dealing with disasters

Inexperience can lead to increased anxiety and difficulty coping.

Question 25

What impact do additional stressors have on recovery after a disaster?

Answer 25

They worsen recovery ## Footnote Dealing with multiple stressors can overwhelm an individual.

Question 26

How does poor self-esteem affect recovery from a disaster?

Answer 26

It worsens recovery ## Footnote Individuals with low self-esteem may feel less capable of coping.

Question 27

What feeling can negatively impact recovery post-disaster?

Answer 27

Feeling of being uncared ## Footnote This can lead to feelings of isolation and hopelessness.

Question 28

How does lack of control over events affect recovery?

Answer 28

It worsens recovery ## Footnote A sense of helplessness can exacerbate mental health issues.

Question 29

What does lack of capacity to manage stress lead to in the context of disaster recovery?

Answer 29

Worse recovery outcomes ## Footnote Individuals unable to manage stress effectively may struggle significantly.

Question 30

List factors that predict worse outcomes after a disaster.

Answer 30

* Bereavement * Injury to self or another family member * Panic, horror, or feelings during the disaster * Being separated from family * Great loss of property * Displacement ## Footnote These factors can exacerbate the psychological impact of the disaster.

Question 31

What is defined as 'capacities' in the context of disaster risk reduction?

Answer 31

A combination of all strengths and resources available within a community ## Footnote These capacities can help reduce the level of risk or effects of a disaster.