Topic 3 - DNA Profiling

Question 1

Gel Electrophoresis

Answer 1

A type of chromatography that separates nucleic acid
fragments or proteins by size using electric current

Question 2

VNTR (Variable number tandem repeats)

Answer 2

A location in DNA where a short nucleotide sequence is
organized as a tandem repeat with variations in lengths
between individuals.

Question 3

Protease

Answer 3

An enzyme used to break down protein

Question 4

DNA purification

Answer 4

DNA extraction is a method to purify DNA by using physical
and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from
cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components

Question 5

Lysing

Answer 5

Cell lysis or cellular disruption is a method in which the outer
boundary or cell membrane is broken down or destroyed in
order to release inter-cellular materials such as DNA, RNA,
protein or organelles from a cell

Question 6

Ethanol

Answer 6

An alcohol used in DNA extraction which allows the
precipitation of the DNA

Question 7

DNA Profiling

Answer 7

A technique used to determine the pattens in the non-coding
DNA of an individual. It involves five main stages: DNA
extraction: Digestion; digestion; separation of DNA fragments;
hybridisation; and observation

Question 8

Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR

Answer 8

An in vitro technique used to rapidly amplify fragments of DNA.

Question 9

DNA sequencing

Answer 9

Determining the entire nucleotide base sequence of an
organism