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Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 > Topic 3 Tissues: Connective tissues > Flashcards

Topic 3 Tissues: Connective tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most abundant tissue type

A

Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue type

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2
Q

What is connective tissue made up of?

A

Small cells that are far apart from each other

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3
Q

Connective tissue contains a large amount of what material?

A

Extracellular material (matrix)

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4
Q

What is extracellular material also known as?

A

Matrix

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5
Q

What does connective tissue have a good supply of and where is it found?

A

Often good blood supply

Found between other tissues

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6
Q

How is connective tissue classified?

A

Classified using matrix characteristics

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7
Q

What are the 5 types of connective tissue CELLS

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Macrophages
  3. Plasma cells
  4. Mast cells
  5. Adipocytes
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8
Q

State the location and function of fibroblasts

A

Location: present in several tissues
Function: Secretory function

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9
Q

State the location and function of macrophages

A

Location: From monocytes

Function: Engulf bacteria & cell debris by phagocytosis

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10
Q

State the location and function of plasma cells

A

Location: develop from B lymphocytes

Function: Make antibodies

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11
Q

State the location and function of mast cells

A

Location: near blood vessels

Function: Release histamine, part of the reaction to injury

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12
Q

State the location and function of adipocytes

A

Location: fat cells or adipose cells

Function: Store triglycerides (fat)

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13
Q

Extracellular matrix is the ground substance between what?

A

Cells and fibers

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of fibre found in extracellular matrix?

A
  1. Collagen fibres
  2. Elastic fibres
  3. Reticular fibres
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15
Q

What is the key characteristic of collagen fibers?

A

Very strong & flexible

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16
Q

What is the key characteristic of elastic fibers?

A

Smaller stretch and they return to original length

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17
Q

What is the key characteristic of reticular fibers?

A

form a mesh, provide support & strength: found in basement membranes & organ support

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18
Q

Name the 3 loose connective tissue types

A
  1. Areolar
  2. Adipose
  3. Reticular
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19
Q

Areolar is:

A

cells embedded in a matrix of glycoproteins, elastin and collagen fibers

20
Q

Adipose is:

A

cells filled with fat droplets

21
Q

Reticular is:

A

a mesh of reticulin fibers

22
Q

What are the 3 classifications of dense connective tissue?

A
  1. Dense regular
  2. Dense irregular
  3. Elastic
23
Q

Definition of cartilage:

A

Dense network of collagen & elastic fibres embedded in chondroitin sulphate

24
Q

Cartilage is stronger than what?

A

Stronger than dense fibrous

25
The cells in cartilage are classified as?
Chondrocytes
26
How and where is cartilage found?
- Occur singly or in groups - Found in spaces called lacunae - Surrounded by perichondrium - No blood vessels or nerves
27
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
1. Hyaline 2. Fibrocartilage 3. Elastic
28
State the key differences between Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage types
Hyaline= glassy, fibers not easily visible Fibrocartilage= fibers visible, strongest type Elastic= chondrocytes in threadlike network
29
Bone is classified as what type of tissue?
Osseous Tissue
30
What is included in the dense matrix in bone?
Includes calcium & phosphorous salts (hydroxyapatite)
31
What are the 2 types of liquid connective tissue?
Blood: matrix = plasma Lymph: matrix like blood but with less protein
32
What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?
1. Skeletal muscle tissue 2. Cardiac muscle tissue 3. Smooth muscle tissue
33
What are 2 characteristics of muscular tissue?
1. Large, elongated cells 2. Contractile cells
34
What muscular tissue type forms the wall of the heart?
Cardiac muscle tissue
35
Where is smooth muscle tissue found?
Walls of hollow organs
36
What is the main function of neural tissue
To support and nurse cells
37
What are the 2 types of neural tissue?
1. Neurons 2. Neuroglia
38
Function of neurons:
To convert stimuli into nerve impulses and conduct them
39
Function of neuroglia:
Serve a supportive function Do not generate nerve impulses.
40
New cells can come from where?
Stroma and Parenchyma
41
Where do epithelial cells originate from?
Stem cells in defined areas of tissue layer
42
What tissue type regenerates readily?
Bone
43
What tissue type regenerates poorly?
Cartilage
44
What type of tissue can replace cells slowly?
Muscular
45

Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 (17 decks)

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