Tutorial 3: Topic 5 MCQ recap

Question 1

Which of the following are incorrectly matched?

a) central nervous system: composed of the brain and spinal cord

b) somatic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal muscles

c) sympathetic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles

d) peripheral nervous system: includes cranial and spinal nerves

e) autonomic nervous system: includes parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions

Answer 1

c) sympathetic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles

Question 2

Match the following description with the correct term:

The portion of a neuron containing a nucleus

Answer 2

Cell body

Question 3

Match the following description with the correct term:

Rounded structure at the distal end of an axon terminal

Answer 3

Synaptic end bulb

Question 4

Match the following description with the correct term:

Highly branched, input part of a neuron

Answer 4

dendrite

Question 5

Match the following description with the correct term:

Sac in which neurotransmitter is stored

Answer 5

Synaptic vesicle

Question 6

Match the following description with the correct term:

Neuron located entirely within the CNS

Answer 6

interneuron

Question 7

Match the following description with the correct term:

Long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron

Answer 7

axon

Question 8

Match the following description with the correct term:

Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheath

Answer 8

Node of Ranvier

Question 9

Match the following description with the correct term:

Substance that increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction

Answer 9

Myelin sheath

Question 10

Match the following description with the correct term:

Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector

Answer 10

Motor neuron

Question 11

Match the following description with the correct term:

Bundle of many axons in the CNS

Answer 11

Tract

Question 12

Match the following description with the correct term:

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

Match the following description with the correct term:

Substance used for communication at chemical synapses

Answer 13

Neurotransmitter

Question 14

Match the following description with the correct term:

Group of cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 14

ganglion

Question 15

Match the following description with the correct term:

Bundle of many axons in the PNS

Answer 15

nerve

Question 16

Match the following description with the correct term:
Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS

Answer 16

Sensory neuron

Question 17

Damage to dendrites would interfere with a neuron’s ability to:

a) receive input
b) make proteins
c) conduct nerve impulses to another neuron
d) release neurotransmitters
e) form myelin

Answer 17

a) receive input

Question 18

The type of cell that produces myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS is the:

a) astrocyte
b) myelinocyte
c) Schwann cell
d) oligodendrocyte
e) microglia

Answer 18

d) oligodendrocyte

Question 19

A bundle of axons in the CNS is

a) a tract
b) a nucleus
c) a mixed nerve
d) a ganglion
e) an enteric plexus

Answer 19

a) a tract

Question 20

In a resting Neuron:

a) There is a high concentration of potassium ions outside the cell

b) negatively charged ions move freely through the plasma membrane

c) the sodium-potassium pumps help maintain the low concentration of sodium ions inside the cell

d) the outside surface of the plasma membrane has a negative charge

e) the plasma membrane is highly permeable to sodium ions

Answer 20

c) the sodium-potassium pumps help maintain the low concentration of sodium ions inside the cell

Question 21

Place the following events in the correct order of occurrence:

1. Voltage-gated sodium channels open and permit sodium ions to rush inside the neuron
2. The sodium/potassium pump restores the ions to their original sites
3. A stimulus of threshold strength is applied to the neuron
4. The membrane polarisation changes from negative to positive
5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open and potassium flows out of the neurons.

Answer 21

3,1,4,5,2

Question 22

If a stimulus is strong enough to generate an action potential, the impulse generated is of a constant size. A stronger stimulus cannot generate a larger impulse. This is known as

a) the principle of polarisation-depolarisation

b) salutatory conduction

c) the all-or-none principle

d) the principle of reflex action

e) the absolute refractory period

Answer 22

c) the all-or-none principle

Question 23

The diencephalon is composed of the

a) medulla, pons and hypothalamus

b) midbrain, hypothalamus and thalamus

c) cerebellum and midbrain

d) medulla, pons and midbrain

e) hypothalamus and thalamus (& pineal Gland)

Answer 23

e) hypothalamus and thalamus (& pineal Gland)

Question 24

Which part of the brain contains the centres that control the heart rate and breathing rhythm?

a) medulla

b) midbrain

c) cerebellum

d) thalamus

e) pons

Answer 24

a) medulla

Question 25

Match the following description to the correct term: Organisation of white matter in the spinal cord

Answer 25

Columns

Question 26

Match the following description to the correct term: Absorb cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 26

Arachnoid villi

Question 27

Match the following description to the correct term: Extension of nerves beyond the end of the spinal cord

Answer 27

Cauda equina

Question 28

Match the following description to the correct term: Folds of the cerebral cortex

Answer 28

Gyri

Question 29

Match the following description to the correct term: Contains the sensory fibres of a spinal nerve

Answer 29

Posterior (dorsal) route

Question 30

Match the following description to the correct term: Separates the cerebrum into right and left halves

Answer 30

Longitudinal fissure

Question 31

Match the following description to the correct term: Brain cavities where CSF circulates

Answer 31

ventricles

Question 32

Match the following description to the correct term: Divides spinal cord into right and left sides

Answer 32

Anterior median fissure

Question 33

Match the following description to the correct term: Shallow grooves in the cerebrum

Answer 33

sulci

Question 34

Match the following description to the correct term: Contains CSF in the spinal cord

Answer 34

Central canal

Question 35

Which part of the central nervous system contains centres that regulate the autonomic nervous system? a) hypothalamus b) cerebellum c) spinal cord d) basal ganglia e) thalamus

Answer 35

a) hypothalamus

Question 36

Place the following structures in the correct order as they relate to an autonomic nervous system response from receipt of the stimulus to response. 1. visceral effector 2. centres in the CNS 3. autonomic ganglion 4. receptor and autonomic sensory neuron 5. preganglionic neuron 6. postganglionic neuron

Answer 36

4,2,5,3,6,1

Question 37

Which of the following neurons release norepinephrine? a) somatic motor neurons b) sympathetic postganglionic neurons c) sympathetic preganglionic neurons d) parasympathetic postganglionic neurons e) parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

Answer 37

b) sympathetic postganglionic neurons

Question 38

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Dilated pupils

Answer 38

Sympathetic

Question 39

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Decrease in heart rate

Answer 39

Parasympathetic

Question 40

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Causes bronchoconstriction

Answer 40

Parasympathetic

Question 41

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Stimulates breakdown of triglyceride

Answer 41

Sympathetic

Question 42

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Inhibits secretion of digestive enzymes and insulin

Answer 42

Sympathetic

Question 43

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Stimulates the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 43

Parasympathetic

Question 44

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Occurs during exercise

Answer 44

Sympathetic

Question 45

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Causes release of glucose from the liver

Answer 45

Sympathetic

Question 46

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division: Dilates blood vessels to cardiac muscle

Answer 46

Sympathetic