Topic 3.3 and 3.4

Question 1

oligarchy

Answer 1

government in which the ruling power belongs to a few people

Question 2

natural law

Answer 2

unchanging principle discovered through reason that governs human conduct

Question 3

social contract

Answer 3

an agreement by which people give up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos

Question 4

natural rights

Answer 4

rights that belong to all humans from birth such as life, liberty, and property

Question 5

philosophe

Answer 5

French for philosopher; French thinker who desired reform in society during Enlightenment

Question 6

laissez faire

Answer 6

a policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference

Question 7

free market

Answer 7

market regulated by the natural laws of supply and demand

Question 8

censorship

Answer 8

restriction on access to ideas and information

Question 9

rococo

Answer 9

lighter, more personal, elegant, and charming style of art and architecture popular in the mid-1700s

Question 10

baroque

Answer 10

ornate style of art and architecture popular in the 1600s and 1700s

Question 11

enlightened despot

Answer 11

absolute ruler who used his or her power to bring about political and social change

Question 12

dissenter

Answer 12

Protestant whose views and opinions differed from those of the Church of England

Question 13

constitutional government

Answer 13

government whose power is defined and limited by law

Question 14

limited monarchy

Answer 14

government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s powers

Question 15

cabinet

Answer 15

parliamentary advisors to the king who originally met in a small room, or cabinet