Topic 4

Question 1

Catabolic

Answer 1

Chemical reactions in which complex molecules are broken down into simpler molecules

Question 2

Anabolic

Answer 2

Chemical reactions in which atoms and molecules are bound together to make more complex molecules

Question 3

Activation Energy

Answer 3

The amount of energy required to begin a chemical reaction

Reduced by the action of Enzymes

Question 4

Psychrophiles

Answer 4

Microorganisms with enzymes that function at very low temperatures due to the enzymes having a more flexible structure and requiring less energy to work

Question 5

Thermophiles

Answer 5

Microorganisms which live in geo-thermal heated areas of the sea floor

Question 6

Buffers

Answer 6

Substances that minimize changes in concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution.
A buffer works by accepting and donating H+ in a solution to control pH

Question 7

Cofactor

Answer 7

Non-protein, inorganic component that bind tightly to the enzyme. They are essential in biochemical transformations.
Include coenzymes

Question 8

Coenzyme

Answer 8

Non-protein organic vitamins.
Bind loosely and temporarily to the enzyme and do not form a permanent part of the enzyme’s structure.
They assist in the transfer of molecules and act with enzymes to alter the rate of reactions.

Question 9

Cellular Metabolism

Answer 9

The sum total of chemical reactions that occur in each living cell