Topic 4 - Genetic Information, Variation, And Relationships Between Organisms

Question 1

What is a gene

Answer 1

A gene is a base sequence of DNA that codes for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide or a functional RNA

Question 2

The genetic code is 3 things

Answer 2

Degenerate
Non-overlapping
Universal

Question 3

Gene mutation

Answer 3

A change in the base sequence of chromosomes, and can arise during DNA replication.

Question 4

What cause genetic variation during meiosis

Answer 4

Independent segregation, Non-disjunction, Crossing over

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

Production of 4 haploid daughter cells from 1 diploid parent cell

Question 6

Formula for the possible number of combinations of chromosomes, without crossing over

Answer 6

(2^n), where n is the number of homologous chromosomes

Question 7

Genetic diversity

Answer 7

Number of different alleles of genes in a population

Question 8

Process of natural selection (4)

Answer 8

.Random mutation can result in new advantageous allele of gene
.Individuals with this allele are more likely to survive and reproduce
.Advantageous allele is inherited by offspring
.Over many generations, allele increases in fréquence

Question 9

Different types of adaptations

Answer 9

Anatomical (which means physical), Physiological (metabolic ), Behavioural

Question 10

3 different Domains

Answer 10

Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea (single celled organisms)

Question 11

Species richness

Answer 11

Number of different species in a particular area at a given time

Question 12

Index of diversity

Answer 12

Relationship between number of species in a community and number if individuals in each species

Question 14

What is the effect if low index of diversity in plant species for animals

Answer 14

This means less animal diversity as theres LESS HABITAT, leading to LESS FOOD SOURCES (MUST SAY FOOD SOURCES)