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biology > Topic #5: Homeostatis and Response (Paper 2) > Flashcards

Topic #5: Homeostatis and Response (Paper 2) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What is a synapse and what happens in it?

A

it is a gap between the nerve endings where chemical messages such as ACH.

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of neurones?

A

Motor, Sensory, Relay.

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the CNS?

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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4
Q

What are the two things that protect the CNS?

A

Skull for the brain, Spine for the spinal cord.

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5
Q

What is the scientifical term used for a nerve?

A

Neurone

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6
Q

What is the Axon?

A

Where the electrical impulses travel through the nerve.

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7
Q

What is the function of the dendrite?

A

To receive electrical impulses.

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8
Q

What protects the Axon?

A

Mylan sheath

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9
Q

What is the white bit of the eye called?

A

Sclera

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10
Q

What is the reflective surface?

A

Choroid

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11
Q

What does most of the light refraction?

A

Cornea

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12
Q

What is the liquid under the cornea?

A

Aqueous humour

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13
Q

Which muscles make up the iris? (2)

A

Circular and radial

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14
Q

When the circular muscles contract what happens?

A

Pupil gets smaller

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15
Q

When the radial muscles contract what happens?

A

Pupil gets bigger.

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16
Q

What controls the size of the lens? (2)

A

Ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments.

17
Q

What makes the lens smaller and fatter?

A

Ciliary muscles tighten, slackens the suspensory ligaments and the lens becomes smaller and fatter

18
Q

What makes the lens longer and thinner?

A

Ciliary muscles relax, tightening the suspensory ligaments pulling the lens longer and thinner

19
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The body’s way of regulating itself

20
Q

What 3 things does homeostasis control?

A

Body temperature
Blood Sugar levels
Water levels

21
Q

How does homeostasis work?

A

Receptors detect stimuli
Coordination centres process the info
Effectors do what’s needed

22
Q

What does each sector of the brain do?

A

Cerebral Cortex- Conscious actions, language, memory and intelligence
Cerebellum- muscles
Medulla- unconscious actions eg. Heartbeat

23
Q

What do we call the eye’s adapting to different lengths of sight?

A

Accommodation

24
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

A system of glands in the body

25
Q

How are blood glucose levels controlled?

A

Too high- insulin moves glucose from blood into cells

Too low- glycogen into glucose, to cells

26
Q

Compare the 2 diabetes

A

Type 1- Not enough insulin

Type 2- No response to insulin

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