Topic 5b- Hormones in the menstrual cycle

Question 1

What hormones are made in the ovaries?

Answer 1

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 2

what hormones are produced in the pituitary gland?

Answer 2

LH and FSH

Question 3

what does FSH do?

Answer 3

• causes an egg to mature in the ovary
• stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen

Question 4

what does oestrogen do?

Answer 4

• causes the lining of the uterus to grow
• stimulates the release of LH (causes the release of the egg)
• inhibits the release of FSH (causes eggs to mature)

Question 5

what does LH do?

Answer 5

stimulates release of an egg

Question 6

what does progesterone do?

Answer 6

• maintains lining of uterus for second half of cycle
• prohibits the release of LH (release of egg)
• prohibits release of FSH (maturing of egg)

Question 7

What are the stages in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 7

1. Day 1: Menstruation starts for 4 days
2. Days 4- 14: Lining of uterus builds up again
3. Day 14: Ovulation
4. Days 14- 28: If no fertilised egg has landed on the uterus wall by day 28, the spongy lining begins to break down again and the cycle repeats.

Question 8

Describe the hormonal interaction of the menstrual cycle

Answer 8

1. FSH is prodiced in the pituitary gland.
2. FSH causes the egg to mature in the ovary.
3. FSH stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen.
4. Oestrogen causes the lining of the uterus to grow.
5. Oestrogen stimulates the release of LH.
6. Oestrogen inhibits the release of FSH.
7. LH is produced in the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of the egg.
8. Progesterone is produced in ovaries by the remains of the follicle after ovulation.
9. Progesterone maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle.
10. Progesterone inhibits the release of LH and FSH
11. When the levels of progesterone fall, the lining breaks down.
12. FSH and LH can be released again.