Topic 6: Groups in the Periodic Table Flashcards
(49 cards)
What group are the alkali metals in
Group 1
How many outer electrons do group 1 elements have
1
Why are group 1 metals very reactive
Outer electron is easy to lose
Why does reactivity increase down group 1
Atoms get larger and outer electron is further from nucleus
Properties of group 1 metals
Soft low melting points low density shiny when cut
Group 1 metals (first 3)
Lithium sodium potassium
How does lithium react with water
Fizzes slowly and floats
How does sodium react with water
Fizzes melts into a ball and moves quickly
How does potassium react with water
Bursts into lilac flame and moves rapidly
General word equation for group 1 metal with water
Metal plus water makes metal hydroxide plus hydrogen
What group are the halogens in
Group 7
How many outer electrons do halogens have
7
Why are halogens reactive
They need to gain 1 electron to get a full outer shell
Why does reactivity decrease down group 7
Atoms get larger and it is harder to gain an electron
What type of molecules do halogens exist as
Diatomic covalent molecules
State of chlorine at room temperature
Green gas
State of bromine at room temperature
Red brown liquid
State of iodine at room temperature
Grey or purple solid
Colour trend down group 7
Halogens get darker
Melting and boiling point trend in group 7
Increases down the group
General word equation for halogen plus metal
Halogen plus metal makes metal halide
General word equation for halogen plus hydrogen
Halogen plus hydrogen makes hydrogen halide
What is a hydrogen halide
Acidic solution when dissolved in water
What happens in a halogen displacement reaction
More reactive halogen displaces less reactive one
