Topic 6: How can amino acids chains build proteins with specified functions?

Question 1

What are the different Protein structures?

Answer 1

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary

Question 2

What are the different Secondary structures ?

Answer 2

Parallel Beta sheets
Anti-Parallel Beta sheets
Alpha Helix
Turns and Loops

Question 3

What bonds do Beta sheets have?

Answer 3

Hydrogen bonds

Question 4

What Beta sheet is more stable?

Answer 4

Anti-Parallel beta sheets

Question 5

What are Turns and Loops?

Answer 5

Turns and Loops are anything other than helix or beta sheets.
Turns - short, connecting helix or beta sheets
Loops - longer

Question 6

What are the Tertiary and Quaternary structure in increasing strength and decreasing probability.

Answer 6

LDFs
Induced polar
Hydrogen bond (polar)
Salt bridges
Disulphide bridges

Question 7

Weak and common bonds are more ideal for?

Answer 7

Flexibility

Question 8

Stronger and rarer bonds are more ideal for?

Answer 8

Building rigidity and springy resistance

Question 9

Hydrophobic interactions help the protein what?

Answer 9

Bend and Fold

Question 10

What is the charge of a hydrophobic molecule?

Answer 10

Overall they are neutral

Question 11

Are hydrophilic molecules polar or non-polar?

Answer 11

Polar

Question 12

Are hydrophobic molecules polar or non-polar?

Answer 12

Non-polar

Question 13

What is the definition for each word?
Diamers
Tetramers
Homomer
Heteromer

Answer 13

2 proteins
4 proteins
same protein
different protein

Question 14

Why do enzymes speed up reactions?

Answer 14

1. Bring reactants together and hold on until they find each other
2. Stabilise intermediate forms
3. Lowers activation energy

Question 15

Can Enzymes change a reactions Equilibrium?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What 3 things determine protein structure?

Answer 16

1. 3D shape
2. Location of charges and hydrophobic regions
3. Movement