Topic 7B - populations - structure, dynamics and growth

Question 1

BIDE vs bide

Answer 1

BIDE = Births, immigration, death, emigration
bide = per capita birth, immigration, death, and emigration rates. (ie. divided BIDE by population size)

Question 2

carrying capacity (k)

Answer 2

the maximum population of a species that a particular ecosystem can sustain

Question 3

density - dependent factors

Answer 3

biotic factors in the environment, such as disease and competition, whose effects on populations may be related to, or depend upon, local population density

Question 4

Density Independent factors

Answer 4

abiotic factors in the environment, such as floods and extreme temperature, whose effects on populations may be independent of population density

Question 5

Emigration

Answer 5

the movement of an organism out of a population

Question 6

Exponential population growth

Answer 6

a J shaped pattern of population increase where the change in numbers with time is the product of the per capita rate of increase, r, and population size N.

Question 7

geometric population growth

Answer 7

when generations do not overlap and successive generations differ in size by a constant ratio

Question 8

immigration

Answer 8

the movement of an organism into a population

Question 9

logistic population growth

Answer 9

a pattern of growth that produces a sigmoidal, or S-shaped, population growth curve; population size levels off at carrying capacity (k)

Question 10

Per capita (r) and intrinsic (r max) rates of increase

Answer 10

Per capita rate of increase = equals per capital birth rate minus per capita death rate: r=b-d
Intrinsic Rate of increase = the maximum per capital rate of population increase; may be approached under ideal environmental conditions for species

Question 11

survivorship curves (type I,II,III)

Answer 11

a graphical summary of patterns of survival in a population