Topic 9 - Equilibria Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is dynamic equilibrium?
A state in a reversible reaction where the forward and backward reactions occur at the same rate and concentrations remain constant.
What does Le Chatelier’s Principle state?
If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the equilibrium position shifts to oppose the change.
What happens to equilibrium when the concentration of a reactant increases?
The equilibrium shifts to the right (towards products).
What happens to equilibrium when pressure is increased in a gaseous reaction?
It shifts towards the side with fewer gas molecules.
How does temperature affect equilibrium position?
It shifts in the endothermic direction when temperature increases.
It shifts in the exothermic direction when temperature decreases.
Does adding a catalyst affect the position of equilibrium?
No, it only speeds up the rate of reaching equilibrium.
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction: A + B ⇌ C + D.
Kc=[C][D]/[A][B]
What do square brackets [ ] represent in the Kc expression?
Concentration in mol dm⁻³.
Does changing the concentration affect the value of Kc?
No, Kc only changes with temperature.
What happens when the concentration of a product is increased?
The equilibrium shifts to the left (towards the reactants).
How does increasing the pressure affect a gaseous equilibrium?
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with fewer gas molecules.
How does decreasing the pressure affect a gaseous equilibrium?
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with more gas molecules.
What changes the value of Kc?
Temperature.
What is the expression for Kp for the reaction: A(g) + B(g) ⇌ C(g) + D(g)?
Kp = (pC × pD) / (pA × pB)
