Topic B6- Inheritance, Variation And Evolution

Question 1

What does each gene code for?

Answer 1

A particular sequence of amino acids which are put together to make a specific protein

Question 2

What is a genome?

Answer 2

The entire set of genetic material in an organism

Question 3

What are two reasons why understanding the human genome is important?

Answer 3

1) scientists can identify genes in the genome that are linked to different types of diseases
2) knowing which genes are linked to inherited diseases could help us to develop effective treatments for them.

Question 4

How many chromosomes does each gamete contain?

Answer 4

23

Question 5

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 5

The fusion of male and female gametes. Because there are two parents, the offspring contain a mixture of their parents genes

Question 6

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 6

Only one parent and the offspring are genetically identical to the parent

Question 7

What are the four steps of meiosis?

Answer 7

1) It duplicates its genetic information
2) first division, the chromosome pairs line up in the centre of the cell and are then pulled apart so each new cell only has one copy of chromosome.
3) second division, the chromosomes line up again and then the arms are pulled apart so
4) four gametes are made that are genetically different

Question 8

What chromosome does a male and female have?

Answer 8

Male has XY
Female has XX